Vanadium(III) chloride
- Vanadium
- Vanadium (III ) chloride
- Vanadintrichlorid
- 7718-98-1
- 15168-15-7 (hexahydrate )
Hygroscopic, odorless, light red to pinkish red deliquescent crystals
Fixed
3.0 g · cm -3 ( 20 ° C)
> 300 ° C ( decomposition)
- Soluble in water with decomposition
- Soluble in ethanol
- Not soluble in ether
Risk
No MAK, since carcinogenic
350 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Vanadium ( III) chloride is a chemical compound of the elements vanadium and chlorine, which is often used as a starting material for the production of vanadium (III ) complex compounds. It belongs to the class of chlorides and forms a hexahydrate VCl3 · 6 H2O, a green, hygroscopic powder.
Production and representation
Vanadium ( III) chloride is prepared by heating ( 160-170 ° C) vanadium ( IV) chloride VCl4.
Vanadium ( III) chloride can also be obtained from the following elements:
Alternatively, a synthesis of vanadium ( III) oxide and thionyl chloride, or vanadium ( V) oxide and sulfur ( I) chloride is also possible.
With the exclusion of air, it is also available from the solutions of the hexahydrate, which can be deposited from aqueous acidic solutions of vanadium (III ) chloride by cooling and saturating with hydrochloric acid.
Properties
Physical Properties
Vanadium (III ) chloride is very hygroscopic, odorless, light red, pink, red to violet deliquescent crystals. In acidified water, it is soluble. It has a hexagonal- rhombohedral crystal structure with space group R3c and lattice parameters a = 601.2 and c = 1734 pm. In the crystal vanadium forms (III ) chloride octahedral structures, each vanadium ion is octahedrally surrounded by six chloride ions. The hexahydrate is available as a green hygroscopic crystals.
Chemical Properties
By heating in vacuum or in air at about 400 ° C it decomposes into vanadium (II ) chloride and vanadium ( IV) chloride.
On heating (~ 675 ° C) with hydrogen vanadium (III ) chloride to vanadium (II ) chloride reduced.
On reaction with carbon dioxide, oxygen or vanadium (III ) oxide is formed of vanadium ( III) oxychloride.
Use
Vanadium ( III) chloride is used as starting material for the production of vanadium (III ) complex compounds, such as tetrahydrofuran or Acetonitrilderivate ( VCl3 (THF) 3 or VCl3 (MeCN ) 3).
Furthermore, it can be used in polymerization for the production of vanadium by the reduction of magnesium or hydrogen and a catalyst.