Vicia pannonica
Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica subsp. Pannonica )
The Hungarian vetch, vetch or Pannonian Pannonian vetch (Vicia pannonica ) is a species of the genus vetches (Vicia ) in the subfamily of the Fabaceae ( Faboideae ). In German-speaking countries it is only in the Pannonian region in Austria indigenous and occurs in western Central Europe mostly unstable in.
- 5.1 Literature
- 5.2 Notes and references
Description
Habitus and sheets
The Hungarian vetch is an annual herbaceous plant. The prostrate, ascending or climbing, branched at most at the base and 20 to 50 cm stem is grooved and, like the leaves usually hairy soft to shaggy.
The short- stalked to almost sessile leaves are pinnate and equipped with seven to nine pairs of very short stalked leaflets and simple or branched, rather weak vines. The leaflets are linear to narrowly obovate, 1 to 1.5 cm long and 2-5 mm wide, obtuse or truncate to shallowly emarginate and apiculate short and hairy, more or less fitting.
The stipules are small, ovate - lanceolate to half pike -shaped, pointed and provided with narrow, brown nectaries.
Flowers
The nodding flowers on short stems are individually or up to fourth in the leaf axils. The zygomorphic flowers are 1.5 to 1.8 cm long. The sepals are fused into a bell-shaped calyx -tube to which is very wrong, greenish-white, dense coat and ends with pfriemlichen to filamentous teeth. The lower calyx teeth are about as long as the calyx tube and significantly longer than the upper. The crown is more or less three times as long as the calyx tube, yellowish to brownish purple. The flag is just pre-stretched, pressed outside densely hairy, usually brown with a red center stripe and a little longer than the wings and the boat. It flowers from April to June.
Fruit and seeds
The legumes are between 2.5 and 3 cm long and 7-9 mm wide, strongly narrowed towards both ends, light brown, shaggy haired adjacent to silky surfaces and contain two to eight seeds.
The seeds are spherical or flattened more and velvety rough.
Distribution and habitat requirements
The distribution of Hungarian vetch is from Spain and Algeria in the west to the Caucasus and northwestern Iran in the east. In the north, rich indigenous reserves to central France, the former Czechoslovakia and the northern Ukraine. In Germany, Switzerland and the Netherlands, it is a naturalized neophyte.
In Austria, the Hungarian vetch in the Pannonian region occurs scattered to rare, otherwise only unstable in the colline to sub- stage on. The indigenous deposits are limited to the provinces of Vienna, Burgenland, Lower Austria and Upper Austria. In Germany they rare and usually unstable comes up scattered mainly in the center and in the south west before, in Bavaria, especially in the field of electricity valleys of the Main and Danube.
The Hungarian vetch grows in Central Europe in grain, clover and Lucerne fields, at field margins, roadsides and railway embankments and similar dry and warm habitats. He is in the phytosociological system as a characteristic species of Secalinetea. The stocks are in decline.
System
Vicia pannonica Crantz occurs in two subspecies, which differ in flower color:
- The Ordinary Hungarian vetch or vetch Pannonian in the narrower sense (Vicia pannonica Crantz subsp. pannonica ) has pale yellow to almost white on flowers.
- The Striped Hungarian vetch or vetch Striped (. Vicia pannonica subsp striata ( M.Bieb ) Nyman, Syn: .. Vicia striata M.Bieb, Vicia pannonica var purpurascens ( DC.) Ser. ) has schmutzigviolette flowers on.
Use
The Hungarian vetch is in Austria for slope greening and was at least formerly cultivated as a fodder plant.