Victoria Land

Victoria Land (English Victoria Country ) is a region in Ostantarktika that lies between Wilke country or Adelie Land in the West and in the East Oatesland. Taking into account the Oateslandes the Ross Sea forms the eastern boundary. The area was discovered on January 11, 1841 by James Clark Ross. The first landing was made by the Norwegian polar explorer Carsten Egeberg Borchgrevink on Cape Adare in January 1895. Australians Edgeworth David and Douglas Mawson, together with the Scottish doctor Alistair Mackay ( 1877-1914 ) achieved during the Nimrod expedition led by Ernest Shackleton on January 16, 1909 as the first Antarctic magnetic pole at 72 ° 15 ' S, 155 ° 16 ' E in the northeastern Victoria Land. Comprehensive geological and cartographic explorations in this region were also carried out during the Southern Cross Expedition (1898-1900), the Discovery Expedition (1901-1904) and the Terra Nova Expedition ( 1910-1913 ).

The Victoria Land is best known for the dry valleys, which are called here as the Antarctic oases. They consist essentially of three valleys that were once covered by glaciers. To the south, the Fryxellsee. Through the Wright Valley flows in summer at times the only major river of Antarctica, the Onyx.