Video Cassette Recording

The VCR system (derived from " Video Cassette Recording" ) is an early analog color home video recorder system from Grundig and Philips in 1971. It was the first commercially successful video cassette format for home use.

The videotape had his career as the audio tape had to be threaded first as a loose roll band, which was wound onto spools and when placed on the video device to an empty spool started. Now you wondered - as well as the audio tape - to develop a cassette system, which simplifies the insertion, as this is mainly accounted for difficult maneuvering and the tape must not be touched with the fingers.

In the 1970s, Grundig and Philips developed their already -established, nor system based on the technology of open reels monochrome machine (LDL ) on. The coils were provided with a cartridge case in which they were mounted above each other. The cassettes were about as big as CDs, only much thicker. This allowed quite large spools in a relatively compact format.

Technical Brief Overview

  • TV system: 625/50 black and white and color PAL / SECAM
  • Band: ½ inch
  • Color: reduced color
  • Sound: longitudinal track (mono) / two channel / stereo (Stereo not available on all devices )
  • Variants: VCR, VCR Long Play, Super Video (Cassette name: SVC, System name: SVR)

Technology

The format has been able to record video color. It had two channels of sound, and have done so at a time before there was stereo or bilingual TV. There was also in this format recorder for semiprofessional applications. Under the standard designation " European Standard I " took one a little later VCR this first 65 -minute VCR system together that had to be made ​​under the Default particularly close manufacturing tolerances. In order for the program to ensure exchange and compatibility between different VCR equipment should be ensured.

For the home user, the format has evolved from 1977 to VCR Long Play and 1978 Super Video (SVR, only for Grundig, Siemens, and ITT). The original running time of 65 minutes increased with Long Play to three and with SVR and even five hours. Although the different systems used the same tape, but the records of a system could not be played on recorders of the other type. The 1978 delivered cassettes were therefore labeled with three different running times VCR, VCR Long Play and SVR.

The latter two variants of the VCR system disappeared within two years in favor of Video 2000 from the market, while units of the original 65 -minute system to 1989 were available.

The first VCRs possessed both Grundig and Philips via a mechanical drive control without exception. Grundig led the mid-1970s a the fully electronically controlled tape drive with five engines. The VCRs were characterized remote controlled, partially even wirelessly via modifier keys on the remote control of the connected color television set.

The picture quality of the first home VCR devices is comparable to that of Betamax and VHS, but at a significantly cleaner color reproduction. However, it is like this well below that of a directly received television image. Due to the more favorable compared with VHS system-related technical parameters (higher band / head relative velocity, Color " Color Under " with " lawn " between the video tracks ) can be used in VCR without color noise reduction. The visible playback quality increased with the devices of the third (and last) generation, especially when Grundig SVR device, something, reaching a pin-sharp & smooth video quality with little color noise.

Therefore VCR was suitable for the development of semi -professional and professional video recorders, which allowed Assemble and insert editing. Such devices came from 1974 ( Philips) and 1977 ( Grundig ) on the market and were offered until the mid- 1980s. Here, the recording on cassette A in the player ( player ) to a second device with cassette B (cutting deck) was dubbing of cutouts " cut ". Was cut literally nothing, but we brought the scenes through many dubbing in the correct order. The device (or better: device system) Grundig could edit video material by electronic cut control even frame accurate.

Specifications

VCR Standard / European Standard I:

Source: Service Manual for Philips N1512 and N1502

VCR Long Play:

Source: " Service Manual " ( technical manual ) to Philips N1700

SVR:

Source: " Service Manual " ( technical manual ) to Grundig SVR4004

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