Vine

Climber is the name for a plant that develops instead of supporting structures as growth form a climbing equipment ( climbing strategy). Climbing plants can be one to several years ( perennial ) herbaceous or woody plants. Woody climbing plants are also called lianas. Climbing plants can not even wear, but find in other plants, rocks or climbing frames support. Thus they can quickly reach an optimal alignment of their foliage to sunlight without developing self-supporting stems or stalks. From about 90 plant families include over 2500 species of living and growth habit of climbing plants.

Climbing plants are distinguished by their climbing technique:

• Selbstklimmer hot plants that may foul surfaces such as walls and facades directly. The majority of Selbstklimmer are adhesion root climbers ( Haftwurzler, such as ivy, trumpet winds ( Campsis ) and climbing hydrangea ( Hydrangea petiolaris ). Too, climbing plants with in such a specialized tendrils that they get a grip on surfaces that are called selbstklimmend. Examples are adhesive disc twining species / varieties of Virginia creeper as Parthenocissus or Cobea scandens with extremely delicate branching tendrils., the young shoots of Selbstklimmer grow light fleeing oriented upward and the adhesive organs ( rootlets, adhesive disks ) are preferably formed on the shielded side. the shoot apex is looking for a way, as more and more adhesive discs the static backup take over. When a tactile stimulus, the adhesive discs exude a kind of glue that can even stick to window glass the shoots. adherence may be hampered by a bright color or high temperature of the wall surface, sanding plaster and toxic paints.

• Scaffold climbing plants are called collectively climbing plants that require auxiliary equipment ( climbing aids ). These are distinguished as: Climbing plants, such as clematis or vine; Rank plants are additionally distinguished by tendrils types;
• Creepers (also called Winder or rolling ), for example Wisteria and honeysuckle and
• Spreizklimmern such as blackberry or climbing rose.

Use

Climbing plants can be represented by a façade greening an important contribution to a Green Roof. Here they protect the facade from mechanical (hail, rain), optical (UV ) radiation and thermal weathering, forming during the growing phase in essence an additional facade layer. With this they make a positive contribution to Temperaturpufferung between the building and the surrounding area as well as to the local microclimate by the additional air layer in front of the facade as by evaporation on the leaf surfaces with the resulting Transpirationsabkühlung and convection. In addition, they offer many animal species (birds, insects ) protection and habitat. Only already damaged facades and masonry can also be damaged by climbing plants. Even with indoor greenery are climbing plants of importance.

And in buildings, on balconies and roof gardens as well as in gardens and parks not selbstklimmende climbing plants are grown on trellises or trellises. At the transition from the garden to a building represents a pergola a useful aid climbing dar.

Among the climbers, there are a number of crops, including the already mentioned vines and blackberries. Other examples include, inter alia Kiwisorten, beans, peas, cucurbits ( including, but cucumbers and melons). The climbing crops also include aromatic and medicinal plants, including pepper, vanilla, Schisandra and species of Dioscorea family.

Hardy woody climbing plants are an important part of nursery range and are propagated in the nursery from cuttings, root cuttings, stacking wood or sowing and further cultivated in a container.

With the use of climbing plants to the facade greening is to pay attention to the compatibility of vegetation and structure. Climbing strategy, facade and any necessary climbing aids must be matched to each other as well as air conditioning, lighting and proportions must be considered. Especially maladjusted fast-growing climber plants usually cause high maintenance costs and may even damage.

Not hardy, usually herbaceous climbing plants are offered by ornamental plant nurseries. There are ranges for conservatories as well as indoor.

Gallery

With Selbstklimmern vegetated wall on an old avenue in Taiwan.

The Morning Glory, a herbaceous climbing plant that belongs to the creepers.

Other examples

Known woody climbing plants are:

• Blue cucumber wine ( Akebia )
• Bittersweet ( Celastrus )
• Blackberries
• Ivy ( Hedera helix)
• Honeysuckle
• Kiwi ( Actinidia chinensis)
• Climbing hydrangea ( Hydrangea petiolaris )
• Climbing and Rambler Roses, see Rosen
• Pipevine ( Aristolochia macrophylla)
• Schlingknöterich ( Fallopia soon scatterbrained anica )
• Trumpet flowers ( Campsis in varieties )
• Clematis (Clematis hybrids )
• Grapevines ( Vitis )
• Virgin Vines also called Wild creeper (Parthenocissus ) several species and varieties
• Wisteria ( Wisteria sinensis)

Climbing plants are available in many plant families (selection):

• Bindweed ( Convolvulaceae )
• Under the palm family ( Arecaceae ) the Rattanpalmen, about Calamus
• Few species of crocus plants ( Colchicaceae ): crown of glory ( Gloriosa rothschildiana )
• Passion Flower (Passiflora )

Even climbing ferns there (selection):

• Asplenium dareoides
• Asplenium trilobum