Viola biflora

Zweiblütiges violets ( Viola biflora )

The Zweiblütige violets ( Viola biflora ), also known as Yellow Violet or Yellow Bergveilchen, belongs to the genus of violets ( Viola ).

Description

The Zweiblütige Violet is a grassy growing, overwintering green, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches the heights of growth of about 5 to 20 cm. The distinctly developed, erect, thin, bare stem is unbranched. The alternate on the stem are arranged distributed leaves are distinctly stalked. The simple, scattered hairy leaf blades are kidney-shaped, with a width of up to 4 cm. The short stipules are lanceolate and entire.

The flowering period extends from May to July. Each stem ends with one or two flowers. The flower stems are one to two times as long as the next sheet. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and fünfzählig double perianth. The five sepals forming a point. The corolla is about 15 mm long. Four of the five yellow petals are directed laterally and upwards as well as have the lower brown strokes. The lateral petals are wrong upwards. On an upright stem is a bald, pointed dividend, loculizidalle, dreiklappige capsule fruit.

Ecology

The Zweiblütige violet is a perennial Hemikryptophyt. It has all kinds of violets the shortest spur. This especially flies are suitable as pollinators. Also cleistogamous flowers occur, the already self-pollinate in bud position.

The seeds are not spread like most violets by ants, but mainly by deer, goats and chamois. The Vegetative propagation is done by underground runners.

Occurrence and site conditions

The Zweiblütige Violet is used in all mountains of Europe, Asia and the Arctic. As the site are mostly calcareous soils preferred by the valley at altitudes of about 3000 meters.

The tender plant grows only in sheltered, moist spots. It fades quickly in the sun, as the roots develop only low suction. This plant has a low light requirement and, together with the nettle, the Smelly cranesbill and the Alpine Rock Cress to flowering plants that venture into alpine limestone caves most.

The Zweiblütige violets need in winter a thick blanket of snow to frost, because it can not tolerate temperatures below -12 ° C.

Use

The Zweiblütige violet is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental plant in the understory of low shrubs.

Pictures

Kampenwandbahn, Bavaria