Viola canina

Dog- violet (Viola canina )

The Dog- violet (Viola canina ), also called Roßveilchen, is a plant from the family of violet plants. The odorless Dog Violet is next to the Fragrant violets the most famous Veilchenart.

Description

The perennial herbaceous plant will be between 5 and 20 cm high. The Laubblattspreite the summer foliage leaves are ovate - cordate at the base and glabrous. The leaves do not form a basal rosette but are long-stalked to the stalk. Each petiole has at the base a pair of stipules which are perforated thin at the edge. The usually light violet flowers are at the top of each stem. The sepals are including appendages 5-7 mm long. The spur of the crown is whitish, slightly curved and serrated along. The lower petal has purple veins on a white background. Otherwise, the color is (light) blue purple. Bloom time is from March to June.

Occurrence

As the site this species prefers nutrient- poor acidic sandy loam soils and is often found on heaths, nutrient-poor grasslands and sparse forests or forest edges. The Dog Violet is common throughout Europe and western Asia.

Subspecies

  • Ordinary dog violet (Viola canina subsp canina. ): The length of the leaf blade is 1.2 to twice their width. The side sheets of the medium are Ständelblätter 1/6 to 1/3 the length of the associated leaf-stalk. The sepals are pointed and the petals are violet blue. The spur is up to twice as long as the calyx appendages mostly straight and yellowish green.
  • Mountain dog violet (Viola canina subsp montana. ): The 7-12 cm tall expectant Mountain Dog Violet is a compact permanent subspecies with a perennial rosette of narrow heart-shaped, dark green leaves, from which form the elongating flower stems with bright blue flowers in spring. In contrast with the ordinary dog violet leaf blade is about twice as long as wide. In addition, the stipules longer ( about 1 /3 to 2 /3 of the leaf stalks ), the petals are pale blue to spur the white and whitish. Native is this subspecies on mountain meadows throughout Europe. It grows best in rich, well drained soil in full sun locations. The flowering period is April to May.
  • Schultz ' dog - violet (Viola canina subsp schultzii. ): Compared to the ordinary dog violets, it has a longer front obtuse leaf base. In addition, sepals are pointed, the petals blue-violet and the spur is bent sharply upwards of a greenish or yellowish color. This mainly occurs in wet meadows subspecies is extinct or lost in Germany. Note from FloraWeb: " From the German deposits are by Lippert against Korneck ( mdl ), only the southwest German really Schultz ' violets concern, while the Bavarian peat deposits significantly differ morphologically from the individuals of the locus classicus and may be regarded as Kümmerformen the genuine V. canina were. In Germany, all known locations are considered extinct. Floren Other area can only very old data record (eg Styria before 1930, Alsace in 1965, Romania in 1955, Switzerland ). A recent discovery apparently exists only from high - Savoie ( see Charpin & Jordan 1992). The information on the stock situation result in an average frequency value of 1.25. thus Schultz ' violets must as a world standing close to extinction, priority legitimate clan are considered in the highest degree. "

Sources and further information

  • Rothmaler, W. 1999 Excursion Flora of Germany, vascular plants: baseband, Berlin. ISBN 3-8274-0912-8
Rosids Genus Viola (plant) Spur (botany)
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