Viola persicifolia
Ditch - violet (Viola stagnina )
The trench - violet (Viola stagnina, Syn: Viola persicifolia ), also fen violet, ponds Violet, White Violet milk or Pfirsichblättriges Violet called, is a very rare occurrence in Central Europe species of the family of Violet Family ( Violaceae ).
Description
The trench - violet is a perennial herbaceous plant, reaching the heights of growth of about 10 to 25 centimeters. It has an erect stem, which is usually branched way branching and is bald, more rarely sparsely hairy. All leaves are constantly stalk, narrow - ovate shaped to lanceolate, 2-4 cm long and about 1 to 1.5 cm wide. They are about two to four times as long as wide, truncate at the base or shallow heart-shaped, rounded or pointed forward and have an all around fine serrated blade side. The petioles are about 1 to 3 cm long and clearly winged. The narrow - lanceolate stipules are up to 2 cm long and 3 mm wide; They are 0.5 to 0.75 times as long as the petioles.
The flower stalks are 3-7 cm long and bear the bracteoles above the middle. The hermaphrodite, zygomorphic flowers are 1 to 1.8 cm in size and without fragrance. The lance-shaped, pointed sepals bear large, square appendage. The egg-shaped, milky white petals are crossed by purple colored veins. The lower petal has the spur length of 10 to 16 mm. The spur itself is about 2 to 3 mm long and greenish-yellow color. The stylus has a short beak and single on top short hair. It blooms mainly in May and June.
The oblong- ovoid capsule fruit is longer than the calyx. The seeds are about 1.5 to 1.7 mm long.
Occurrence, distribution and hazard
Digging Violet comes in temperate latitudes of Europe with a main area in southern central Europe to western Siberia. Often the species is represented only in isolated single occurrence. It grows on marsh lands and at grave edges and preferably wet - wet, nutrient-rich, low in calcium and humic soils.
At locations where even the lowly violets ( Viola pumila ) occurs, the hybrids V. stagnina × V. pumila ( = V × gotlandica ) has been observed. So this bastard who is available in all properties between the parents, including those from Lower Franconia ( Bavaria ) is known.
This species is very rare in Germany, to find, especially in the current valleys of the Elbe, Oder, Weser, Main and Danube. After BArtSchV this species is classified as endangered in Germany in category 2. In Austria and Switzerland, the trench Violet is very rare and threatened with extinction.