Voivodeship (Poland)
A province is a Polish voivodeship, or County as the top level of the territorial division (ISO 3166 level 2, see ISO 3166-2: PL ) and is situated in the statistics NUTS -2. Next smaller self-governing unit is the powiat ( county).
The name, Polish województwo is derived from voivode ( German: Herzog), and Province corresponds historically a duchy.
- 4.1 See also
- 4.2 footnotes
History
After the Second World War until 1975, Poland was divided into 17 provinces.
In 1975, the number was increased to 49, officially in order to optimize the state administration to strengthen the authorities in the regions and compensate for the imbalances in economic development between regions. None of these objectives was achieved instead was, as expected, the influence of the central government increased.
On 1 January 1999, the structure was eventually abandoned and it created 16 regions, which are mostly historical areas. Originally 12 provinces were planned; However, there were political discussions that eventually led to an increase in the number to 16. The additional four provinces were Holy Cross, Opole Voivodeship and Kujawy. Political considerations also lead to the Kujawsko -Pomeranian has two official capitals, as well as the Lubusz Voivodeship led.
Organs
Since Poland is a central government, the provinces, in contrast to the German states, no state quality.
Each province has a self-governing bodies popular representation ( Sejmik województwa, Woiwodschaftsversammlung, Woiwodschaftstag ) and an elected Board of them ( Zarząd województwa, Woiwodschaftsvorstand ) under its chairman ( Marszalek województwa, Woiwodschaftsmarschall, Woiwodschaftspräsident ).
The voivode (eg prefect ), however, is the representative of the ( Warsaw ) central government, responsible for monitoring the self-administration of provinces, counties ( powiat ) and municipalities ( gmina ).
List of voivodships
Provinces since 1999
All information is from 2008
Voivodeships 1975-1998
- Biała Voivodeship Podlasie
- Białystok Voivodeship
- Bielsko- Biała Voivodeship
- Province Bydgoszcz ( Bromberg )
- Chelm Voivodeship
- Voivodeship Ciechanów
- Częstochowa Voivodeship
- Elbląg Voivodeship ( Elbing )
- Gdansk Voivodeship
- Gorzów Voivodeship ( Landsberg A.D. Warta )
- Voivodeship Jelenia Gora ( Hirschberg )
- Kalisz Voivodeship ( Kalisch )
- Katowice Voivodeship
- Kielce Voivodeship
- Konin Voivodeship
- Koszalin Voivodeship ( Koszalin )
- Cracow Province
- Krosno Voivodeship
- Legnica Voivodeship ( Legnica )
- Leszno Voivodeship ( Lissa )
- Lublin Voivodeship
- Łomża Voivodeship
- Łódź Voivodeship
- Nowy Sacz Voivodeship
- Olsztyn Voivodeship ( Olsztyn )
- Opole Voivodeship
- Voivodeship Ostrołęka
- Province Pila ( Pila )
- Province Piotrków
- Płock Voivodeship
- Province of Poznań ( Posen)
- Przemysl Voivodship
- Radom Voivodeship
- Rzeszów Voivodeship
- Siedlce Voivodeship
- Province Sieradz
- Skierniewice Voivodeship
- Province Slupsk ( Stolp )
- Suwałki Voivodeship
- Province of Szczecin ( Stettin)
- Province Tarnobrzeg
- Tarnów Voivodeship
- Voivodeship Toruń ( Thorn )
- Voivodeship Wałbrzych ( Waldenburg )
- Warsaw Voivodeship
- Voivodeship Wloclawek ( Leslau )
- Province Wroclaw
- Zamość Voivodeship
- Province Grünberg
Voivodeships 1945-1975
- Białystok Voivodeship
- Province Bydgoszcz ( Bromberg, until 1950, Pomorskie, then renamed after the capital)
- Gdansk Voivodeship
- Katowice Voivodeship
- Kielce Voivodeship
- Koszalin Voivodeship ( Koszalin )
- Cracow Province
- Łódź Voivodeship
- Lublin Voivodeship
- Olsztyn Voivodeship ( Olsztyn )
- Opole Voivodeship
- Province of Posen
- Rzeszów Voivodeship
- Szczecin Voivodeship
- Warsaw Voivodeship
- Province Wroclaw
- Zielona Góra Voivodeship (Green Mountain )
Voivodeships 1921-1939
- Białystok Voivodeship
- Kielce Voivodeship
- Cracow Province
- Łódź Voivodeship
- Lublin Voivodeship
- Province of Lviv
- Province Nowogródek
- Province Polesie
- Province of Pomerania (from April 1, 1938 Voivodeship Pommerellen )
- Province of Posen
- Silesian Voivodeship
- Province Stanisławów
- Tarnopol Voivodeship
- Warsaw Voivodeship
- Vilnius Voivodeship (1922-1939, see also Central Lithuania 1920-1922)
- Province of Volhynia
Voivodeships 1816-1837 (Congress Poland)
1816-1837 passed in Congress Poland voivodeships, these were subsequently renamed provinces and reorganized several times.
- Voivodeship Augustów ( capital of Suwałki )
- Kalisz Voivodeship
- Cracow Province ( despite the name Krakow was not part of the province but until 1846 an independent city and the capital was first Miechów, then Kielce ).
- Lublin Voivodeship
- Masovian Voivodeship ( capital city of Warsaw )
- Płock Voivodeship
- Podlaskie Voivodeship ( capital Siedlce )
- Sandomierz Voivodeship ( capital of Radom )
Voivodeships 1569-1795 (Poland - Lithuania)
Apart from the royal free cities ( Gdansk, Torun, Elbing and Riga to 1621 ) Poland - Lithuania was divided into provinces.