Vynohradiv

Vynohradiv (Ukrainian Виноградів ) is a city in western Ukraine, Transcarpathian Oblast, in the plain of the river Tisza.

The city was named after the Russian General Vasily Ivanovich Vinogradov (1895-1967) and is situated in the Carpathian Ukraine near the border with Romania and Hungary, and is the administrative center of the Rajons Vynohradiv.

2004, the city had 25,200 inhabitants, of which about 15 % to confess to the Hungarian nationality.

City Name / languages

Due to the multitude of ethnic groups who lived through the centuries in Vynohradiv and live, there are different linguistic designations for the city name: russinisch Севлюш / u Sevljuše or Сивлюш / Sywljusch, Russian Виноградов / Vinogradov, Hungarian Nagyszőllős ( not to be confused with the Romanian Seleus, formerly Nagyszőllős ), Slovak ( Velky ) Sevľuš / Vinohradov, Czech ( Velka / Velky ) Sevl ( j ) U.S. / Vinohradov, Polish Vinogradov, latin Szeuleus, Yiddish Sejlesch or Söjlesch, Romanian Seleuşu Mare ( not to be confused with the Romanian Seleus, formerly Seleuşul Mare).

History

Vynohradiv shares the history of the Carpatho -Ukraine. The place was in 1262, when he received its charter from the king, mentioned for the first time as Zceuleus. He is one of the oldest in the county Ugocsa and is mentioned on a royal statement.

In 1329 the city was the Economic and Commercial Law awarded by King Charles I and was from then on until 1919 the capital of the Hungarian county Ugocsa. Your Hungarian name Nagyszőlős comes from the word for szőlő from grape, since the place was an important wine region.

1717 there was a Tartar invasion in almost the entire population was killed or driven out. 1880 was the city that was part of the Hungarian part of the Empire of Austria - Hungary, already 4400 inhabitants, 1881 opened a public school citizens.

In 1910 the town had 7811 inhabitants, of which is 5943, or 76% of the Hungarian, 1266 or 16 % of the Rusyn and 540 or 7 % known to the German nationality. 3311 or 42.5 % known to the Greek Catholic Church, 2237 or 28.6 % were Jews and 1124 or 14.4 % were Calvinists.

After the end of the First World War it was part of Czechoslovakia in 1919. After the occupation by the Nazis in the Jewish ghetto was established as a transit camp for Jews from northern Transylvania, where to June 1944, most were sent to the Auschwitz concentration camp from May to be gassed shortly after arrival. The Jews spent in usually two weeks in the Jewish transit camp before they were sent to Auschwitz.

1944 in the wake of the capture of the city by Soviet troops, about 4,000 people were deported from the male civilian population in the Soviet Union, with 70 % of the deportees perished in captivity. The place was slammed and the Ukrainian SSR was first called u Sevljuše ( Севлюш ). In the early 1960s, it was renamed in honor of the Russian General Vinogradov.