Währinger Tempel
The Währinger Temple (also known as a synagogue Waehring ) was a synagogue of the Jewish community in the 18th district of Vienna Waehring in Schopenhauerstrasse 39 (originally Wiener Straße ). The synagogue was built in the years 1888 and 1889 by the architect Jakob Modern and was a typical for that time synthesis evening and morgenländlicher styles. The Währinger temple was destroyed during the pogroms of November 1938.
History
The Jewish suburban community Waehring that time was of the Vienna still independent and had their synagogue between the years 1888 and 1889 building, designed by architect Jakob Modern. The foundation stone was laid in solemn manner on the day of the 40th year jubilee of Emperor Franz Joseph I, on December 2, 1888 instead. The construction was entrusted to the city architect Joseph Wurts in Waehring, and In 1889 was started with the grave work.
After the incorporation Währings to Vienna, the Jewish community Waehring lost their independence due to the Israelite Law of 1890. The only recently finished prayer house was now placed under the administration of the Jewish community. The year 1938 marked the end of the synagogue. The synagogue was destroyed during Kristallnacht in 1938 and later demolished. Today, at this point there is only a grassy area behind a building.
The rabbis were:
- Wilhelm Sor (1889-1903)
- David Feuchtwang (1903-1933)
- Artur Zacharias Black (from 1933)
Architecture
Ground plan
The space for the planned temple was a relatively narrow courtyard between neighboring houses. Due to this fact, light could be obtained in the interior of the basilica -like plant only from above.
The desired building program was:
1 greatest possible utilization of the given square; 2 simple equipment; 3 affordable cost.
Other factors that had to take into account the architects, the separation between the area for men and women, which is necessary for the purposes of community law firm and a boardroom and the aforementioned lighting question were taken into consideration by the religious rules. The scope was further restricted by various conditions that determined by the competent authority:
1, the distance of the new building from the old house had to be at least 5.85 meters; 2 seat width 55 cm, seat length 85 cm; 3 corresponding number of emergency exit doors; 4th gear width in the temple room at least 1.20 meters; 5 attachment of snappers at the doors; 6 avoid pickled stages in the seats of the women's gallery; 7 attachment of iron Notstiegen for the women's gallery.
The architect designed the basic shape of a basilica which was laid out on two floors. According to the various provisions of the men department received 328 seats, the women's gallery 176 seats. Consequently took the temple as a whole 504 seats and still room for parties.
Exterior architecture
The facade of the temple was executed in shell with ordinary facing bricks. The centerpieces of the windows were the sculptures from cast cement made of stone.
The windows throughout the building were constructed in iron, the glazing consisted of cathedral glass. Stylistically, the temple was outside and in a mixture of Italian Renaissance and Romanticism. The nave and two aisles, free -standing unit, it recalled the Gustav Adolf Church in Gumpendorf. It was described in 1892 in the General Bauzeitung as "an example of a house of worship unusually cheap created ". The situating in a courtyard corresponded to the synagogues of Schmalzhoftempels and ship school. The building was reconstructed in 2005 by Christoph Oberhofer within the framework of a diploma thesis.
Interior Design
Three doors led into the hall of the synagogue. Inside, the design has been supported by cast iron columns.
All rooms of the temple were painted with arabesques rich, gilded the groove in the lobby and individual sections of the cast-iron columns.
The gallery and choir parapet was old oaks painted, gilded capitals and individual profiles.
The nave and the front part of the building were covered with old tiles, the side aisles and the Bima with zinc. All roofs were accessible by iron ladder stairs and consequently to clean of snow.
During the holy of holies had a rectangular shape, the choir loft was above the Toraschreins. The ark was gilded, painted from shittim wood in white oil paint, ornaments and individual profiles. The same was true of the decorated walls on both sides.
The corridors on the ground floor were 1.5 meters wide and with three colored cement board is on concrete pad.
The dais of Bima was paved with Mettlacherplatten, as is the lobby. The Betpulte the ground floor stood on a planed board floor with hard frame pieces to which the stocking are screwed. The entire painting in the building was old oaks.
The steps of the landing stairs were made of stone Trissaner, the presenting levels Rekawinkler, the steps and curbs at the bimah karst marble.
Technology
The heating of the temple was carried out by two large Meidinger'sche Füllöfen, which were housed in the two rear chambers ( rabbi and cantor room). The office and the meeting room were also heated by Füllöfen.
The ventilation was through a system of hot and cold hoses. The cold hoses led to fresh air, while the stale air honed by the warm tubes.
About the chandelier a ventilation was also attached, which could be controlled from the roof floor by a flap, and also run over the ridge.
The lighting was done by gas and consisted of a chandelier, two candelabra ( at the bimah ), 21 and 24 counterparts wall arms.
The required two gas meters were in the chamber under the stairs and landings of the left were accessible from the vestibule. Under the landings of the staircase was right, also accessible from the entrance hall, a toilet and urinal for the men's division. The Women's Gallery had two toilets, between the Ist and IInd floor inserted.
Costs
The following companies and their estimated costs were involved in the construction:
- The construction work, Joseph Wurts fl 15 570, 29
- Carpentry, Frants Djörup 2412 29
- Spänglerarbeiten, Franz leader 1298.35
- Decker brick work, Wilhelm Radda 239.17
- Joinery, Franz Riedl, J. Voglhut 6735.62
- Locksmith, Franz Gratzl 6441.50
- Painting houses, Simon Nossig 391.03
- Gas and water pipe work, Alois Hartmann 1000.00
- Abortion facilities, Alois Hartmann 99.24
- Painting, Karl Müller 2300.00
- Glazed with cathedral glass, Carl Geyling 's heirs 1422.00
- Öfenlieferung 301.00
- Lighting objects, Nicholas Mundt 1494.20
- Delivery of curtains, wedding canopy, etc. 800.00
The total cost of construction amounted to 43324.30, which accounted for most of the builders work, followed by the carpenter and locksmith and carpentry and stonemasonry. Thus, the builders filled the default one for that time very affordable, especially rapid construction of the temple.