Wandsbek (quarter)

Hamburg -Wandsbek is a district of Hamburg and includes the formerly independent city and its districts Wandsbek Hinschenfelde and Wandsbek garden city.

The former Wandsbeker districts Marienthal, Tonndorf and Jenfeld are today parts of Hamburg, are also within the district Wandsbek.

• 3.1 Coat of Arms

• 4.1 parks
• 4.2 churches

• 5.1 infrastructure
• 5.2 institutions
• 5.3 educational institutions
• 5.4 Established businesses

• 6.1 freeman
• 6.2 Sons and daughters of the town
• 6.3 Other personalities

Geography

The district is bordered to the north by Dulsberg, Barmbek -Nord and Bramfeld, to the east by Tonndorf, in the south of Marienthal and Horn, on the west by Eilbek.

The district is crossed by the stream Wandse. Was located on the border with Hinschenfelde the wood mill, downstream on the border of the Hamburg Eilbek since about 1568 Rantzau Mill, named after Heinrich Rantzau, who owns the estate and village Wandsbek from 1564 to 1598. On today's mill pond, there were disputes with the neighbors Hamburg. 1572 was agreed and set landmarks on. One of them is still present, it is the oldest landmark in Hamburg.

History

Origin of the name and spelling

The original name was Wandsbek Wandesbeke. Exist to Naming two theories: The name goes back to a Wanto that at the local brook ( Bek ) founded a village. Or: The name comes from the river flowing there forth. Wantesbeke is, namely as much as " the river of " and the Wantesbeke (now the Wandse ) served as a natural territorial limit.

Previously Wandsbek was " Wandsbeck " written. This indicated at that time that the "e" should be spoken long ( as in the persistence of spelling Mecklenburg, where the "e" is also spoken in length). The provincial government in Schleswig issued on September 1, 1877 Order on the uniform rules of spelling for place names. These included, among others, the arrangement is that of " beck" " bek " will, citing the publication " history of geographical surveys and maps Nordalbingiens from the late 15th century to the year 1859 " by Franz Geerz, head of the topographical Department of the Prussian General Staff, where these proposals made ​​. The city initially refused to implement this arrangement, and dismissed the employees of the City Council to retain the old spelling. On express instructions of Stormarn 's district administrator from September 12, 1879, the district accepted the loss of the C in the name eventually. 1946 were also changed to all ... beck ending place names in Hamburg, for example Barmbeck, now Barmbek.

Very little is known about Wandsbek in the Middle Ages: Written Wandsbek was first mentioned in a document of Schauenburger Count from October 10, 1296 along with twelve other stormarn between villages. The small farming community was located near the present-day castle street and consisted of a good and a few farms. 1460 the Danish king was sovereign over Schleswig -Holstein and thus also Wandsbek. From now on, the small village was a fief under different owners.

Modern Times

1524 Wandsbek was noble estate over which the owner could freely dispose. The Hamburg Senatssyndicus Adam Trat tailed (* 1523, † 1584) was to 1564 Hamburg as the last of the burgess held the estate as collateral owned by the Danish king. He sold the territory to Heinrich Rantzau, who was from 1556 to 1598 governor of the Danish king for the royal share of Schleswig -Holstein. Under Rantzau Wandsbek grew after 1550 also from a purely agricultural village. So he let the Wandse jam (Today's Mill Pond) and hydropower use. The manor house he tore down in 1564 and build on the ground surrounded by a moat moated castle, which he named Wandesburg. In the castle had Rantzau 1597/98 the famous Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe to guest, who explored the night sky from there. The Danish King Christian IV took over 1614 to 1641 the place as lord of the manor. He granted living in Wandsbek Jews community education, the Jewish cemetery in the premier series was created 1637th ( After the closure of the cemetery in 1886 originated in the Jenfelder road a second Jewish cemetery, which is now also no longer be continued. ) In 1645 acquired the Hamburg citizens Albert Balthasar Behrens Good and extended it in 1646 over a large area by buying the villages Hinschenfelde and Tonndorf.

The Hamburg merchant Heinrich Carl von Schimmelmann acquired the estate village peasant 1762nd mold pointing to commercial skills, which he used in commercial and financial transactions, to build up a considerable fortune. After the acquisition by mold man Wandsbek experienced a severe economic recovery: It developed in an economically favorable situation on the outskirts of Hamburg quickly from a farming village to the factory location. Mills, breweries, craft and commercial enterprises formed the backbone. Up to 1,500 workers were employed in five Kattunbleichen, for printed cotton fabrics were sought after product and widely traded commodity. Mold man began in 1762, to erect at today Schloßstrasse a representative, three-winged mansion. Because of the elaborate design, it was later called Wandsbeker castle. From 1773 Wandsbek belonged to the Danish state. According to Schimmel 's death, his heirs sold the northern portion in 1807 to the Danish king and kept the southern part ( approximately corresponding to the area Marienthal ) in their private possession.

19th and 20th centuries

From 1804 Wandsbek received extended rights as a factory location. With the awarded spot justice in 1833 ended the village status. 1856 had already Wandsbek 5,010 inhabitants. The land speculator Johann Anton Wilhelm von Carstenn acquired in 1857 the southern part Wandsbek for 230,000 thalers of mold 's descendants. Carstenn was 1861, the intact castle torn down and parceled the whole area to the land profitably sell. In this way, the area was opened up, there was a villa development, a residential suburb of Wandsbek. Also in 1861 Carstenn requested to designate the entire area Marienthal. He received the approval and place the desired, new official name. Thus Marienthal no longer belonged to Wandsbek and held an unclear legal status.

With the end of the German -Danish War in 1864 Wandsbek went to Prussia. A year later the railway line Hamburg -Lübeck was built that passed directly to Wandsbek. There was Wandsbek first station, with which the transport infrastructure significantly improved. With over 10,000 inhabitants Wandsbek received city rights in 1870. Three years later Wandsbek administrative headquarters of the district Stormarn. The ( re) incorporation of Marienthal took place in 1878, Marienthal - whose history is closely intertwined with the Wandsbek - thus was part of the town Wandsbek. The annexation of the territory Hinschenfelde took place in 1900, Hinschenfelde but since the mid -17th century was closely associated with Wandsbek. With this annexation, the population Wandsbek rose to over 27,000. This Wandsbek could be explained to the independent city, but initially remained the seat of the district administration.

1908, Wandsbek 33 706 inhabitants. The city was a classic suburb of Hamburg: gradually falling buildings, extensive green areas, adjacent to Hamburg default and thoroughfares. This basic pattern corresponded to 1921 published by Fritz Schumacher " scheme of the natural development of the organism Hamburg ". Therefore, the Wandsbeker Mayor Erich Wasa Rodig and the Altona Mayor Bernhard Schnackenburgallee had in 1916 the incorporation of the two suburbs in the large neighboring town of Hamburg demanded his time in vain. The Nazis made ​​this request as part of its centralization around 20 years later, through the Greater Hamburg Act of 1937. Wandsbek occurred in the territory of Hamburg in 1938. This year, the 68 years full autonomy for Wandsbek ends as a city. Wandsbek was in July 1943 as part of Operation Gomorrah large area damaged and destroyed. The typical buildings of the 1950s are therefore present in large numbers and determine the face sometimes entire streets. By the District Administration Act of 1949 Wandsbek 1951 a district of Hamburg. The historic Hinschenfelde was divided between Wandsbek and Tonndorf and disappeared administratively complete.

This impressive 1922/23, designed by Fritz Hoger Stormarn house that served as the seat of county government until 1943, now serves as the district office for the northeastern prefecture, the Wandsbek its name. It is indeed since 1951 in the historic center Wandsbeker, but in Marienthal district.

Mayor

First Mayor, 1888 Mayor

Deputy mayor, mayor from 1909

Policy

For the election of the Hamburg Parliament and the District Assembly Wandsbek part of the constituency Wandsbek. The choice to citizenship in 2011 led to the following result:

• SPD 53.6 % ( 17.2 )
• CDU 19.7% ( -23.0 )
• GAL 8.6% ( 1.7 )
• The Left 6.6% (-0.1 )
• FDP 5.2% ( 1.1 )
• Others 6.3% ( 3.2 )

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of Wandsbek shows on a blue background the hat, bag and umbrella of Wandsbecker Bothen in silver, in the left ( heraldic: front ) corner is the coat of arms shield of Stormarn, a white swan on red background, included.

Culture and sights

• The mold man 's Mausoleum ( built 1787 to 1791 by Gottlieb Horn ) is considered the most important classical building in Northern Europe
• The Claudius Memorial Stone (1840 prepared for the 100th anniversary of the poet ) in the first woody plant is the first stone monument in the city of Hamburg
• The Rantzaustein ( 1573) is Hamburg's oldest the preserved landmark
• The Historic Tour (1998 ) lists 37 stations to all the attractions and historical places in the center Wandsbek

Parks

• Puvogelbrunnen Garden Wandsbek market
• Eichtalpark in Hinschenfelde
• Wandsbeker wood
• Botanical Garden Special Wandsbek

Churches

• Christ Church at Wandsbeker market
• Cross Church in Hinschenfelde
• St. Stephen's Church in Garden City
• St. Joseph (Catholic ) near the Wandsbeker woody plant

Economy and infrastructure

Infrastructure

In the center of the district of Wandsbeker marketplace, located in the vicinity of which the district office Wandsbek, the central bus station, the subway station Wandsbek market, the Christ Church, the historic cemetery with the grave of Matthias Claudius, the classicist as important building force mold man 's Mausoleum, the Hamburg State Archives and the shopping center are Quarree. The Wandsbeker Market Street runs through the center Wandsbek in east-west direction, lies on her the second oldest department store in Germany, Karstadt Wandsbek. Through the center Wandsbek leads which opened in 1998, "Historical Tour " with 36 stations.

Institutions

The State Archives of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, where the original documents to the city's history and many files are kept, since 1998, is based in Wandsbek.

The district library of the Hamburg library premises is located on the Wandbeker avenue with 45,000 media.

In Morewood - pin, in the Bohemian street, the local museum Wandsbek is established. This includes information on the history Wandsbek.

Educational institutions

• Elementary Schools: On Eichtalpark, at the Garden City, Bovestraße, mold man road
• Friedrich Robbe Institute, Rudolf Steiner school for soul care - needy children
• Matthias -Claudius -Gymnasium
• Charlotte - Paulsen -Gymnasium
• Professional Media School Hamburg -Wandsbek (H8 )

Established businesses

• Am Neumarkt 20 is a work of the food manufacturer Nestlé on the site of the former chocolate factory
• The German Post AG maintains Am Neumarkt 40 a branch with financial and parcel center. Two more stores are in the market Wandsbeker Road 78 and 103-107.
• In the Wandsbeker toll road 59, which was founded in 1855 in Nuremberg German Hefewerke GmbH operates a plant.

Personalities

Freeman

After the year of appointment:

( 1) revoked in October 1945 on the Senate's resolution of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg

Sons and daughters of the town

• Heinrich Carl Graf von Schimmelmann (1724-1782), landowner and Danish Treasurer
• Matthias Claudius (1740-1815), poet ( Wandsbecker Bothe )
• Adolph Johann von Elm (1857-1916) cooperative members, trade unionists, social democrat, founder Volksfürsorge
• Erich Raeder (1876-1960), Grand Admiral and Commander in Chief of the German Navy, was sentenced to life imprisonment at the Nuremberg Trials
• Adolph Friedrich Traun (1876-1908), sportsman
• Betty Heimann (1888-1961), German Indologist
• Walter Hinsch (1895-1968), German architect.
• Walter Dam (1904-1981), German politician ( SPD), Member of Parliament (Schleswig -Holstein), Minister of Social Affairs
• Eva Habermann (1976 ), actress
• Jasmin Wagner ( Blümchen ) ( 1980), pop singer and presenter

Other personalities

• Heinrich Rantzau (1526-1598), Lord, governor of Holstein and humanist
• Tycho Brahe, astronomer, lived 1597/98 on the Wandesburg
• Sigmund Freud, founder of psychoanalysis, married Martha Bernays in 1886 in Wandsbek

Pictures

The Charlotte - Paulsen -Gymnasium

The Mattias -Claudius -Gymnasium

Sculpture Matthias Claudius ' The joy leap of Wandsbeker sculptor Bernd horse mackerel

The Puvogelbrunnen

The Christ Church on Wandsbeker Marketplace

Wandsbeker history stone beside the Christ Church

The mausoleum for Carl Heinrich of mold man in the cemetery of Christ Church

The Wandsbeker Market Street in May 2008

The Stormarn house, now the town hall Wandsbek