Water reservoir

The water storage or water reservoir is called natural or artificial reservoir for drinking water or industrial water.

The term " reservoir " is used more for the natural memory, the distinction is not clear in the vernacular.

Natural memory

• Desalting The Oceans and Seas
• Aboveground lakes, rivers
• Groundwater
• Aquifers

Artificial memory

Reservoirs

Reservoirs are man-made pond can serve to water storage.

Underground tanks

The water level of the reservoir is lower than that corresponding to the supply pressure. For the supply, therefore, the water from the tank must be pumped. Deep containers are therefore suction tank for pumping plants and serve to offset between source inlet or Brunnenvorförderung and the water elevation in the supply network. For pressure vessels pumping stations they have to take over tasks of the elevated tank, as compensation of fluctuations in consumption or storage of the extinguishing water quantity.

Fire water storage

Very often and in small rural communities almost always necessary is the storage of fire-fighting water in particular necessary for the fire extinguishing water tanks, for example, if no central water supply is not available or the supply of water in the elevated tank is not sufficient for large fires. Since no special hygienic and technical requirements on the water, also surface water, can be used for the fill. In general, existing pond will be provided with the necessary facilities for fire-fighting water extraction or created artificial fire water ponds. In built-up areas, however, closed underground water tank are appropriate.

Elevated tank

The most common and most central water supply systems available is the water storage in elevated tanks. It is the water tank or water tank, the water level is higher than the supply area is located from which tapers the water supply network with the natural gradient. They are used to compensate for the fluctuations in consumption, the uniform observance of the pressure in the supply system, emergency care and the storage of a water reserve for fire-fighting purposes in pipelines and group water supply systems as interruption container and container zone.

If the elevated tank located in the same amount, so that the intended supply pressure is given. May be able to elevated tank at different heights are arranged to operate various pressure levels ( hilly terrain ). However, containers are not only used for the construction of water pressure, but possibly just as the pressure reduction, especially in supply networks with large height differences so-called flow-through containers are used, otherwise the pressure at the lowest point of the supply network would be too large.

Erdhochbehälter

The water tank is installed at a height and location moderately favorable place for the most part below ground and covered with earth. This form of high-level tank is often sought because it is the most economical and most reliable.

Water Tower

Water towers can only store small amounts of water, but do through their geodetic height a corresponding pressure for the deeper pipeline network. If a well-placed terrain point is present, the water is stored in the vicinity of the area into water chambers, which are housed at the top of a tower-like structure. Occasionally, the water tower is designed as a standpipe tower ( Wassersilo ), with the sole of the water chamber is equal footing base. The cost of a water tower are significantly higher than that of a Erdbehälters ( approximately five -to ten- fold). The water level of the memory is therefore usually not placed so high above the service area as in Erdhochbehälter and its capacity is kept smaller.

Splash water tank

Today is called the splash container raw water reservoir. The name splash water tank came about because, for example in swimming pool water through an overflow channel schwallt before it arrives in the proper container. The splash container is thus a space, accumulated in the water and can be removed again.

The required effective volume of raw water reservoir is made up of various proportions together, the displacement volume of the bathers, the surge volume of water through the waves of swimmers due, in many older plants even the rinse water, which is held for the filter rinse. Exact formulas for the calculation of the individual volumes are in part 1 of the DIN 19643rd