Watter (Twiste)

The Watter the hamlet Vahlhausen (north of Landau )

The Watter is approximately 21.9 kilometers long, right-sided or southern tributary of Twiste in Waldeck- Frankenberg, Northern Hesse ( Germany ).

Course

The Watter rises in Langen forest on the northeastern slopes of a ridge that connects the mountain front ( 475 m above sea level. NN ) in the north and Heitzelberg ( 467 m above sea level. NN ) in the southeast. The source of the stream is located about 1.2 km south-west of Freienhagen (northern district of Waldeck ) to 435 m above sea level. NN. The Watter flows mainly in northern directions.

In its narrow valley the Watter first runs through Freienhagen, while the B 251 crosses. A little further north it flows into few kilometers east past Volkhardinghausen, directly west past Landau (both south-eastern parts of the city of Bad Arolsen ), where it is crossed by the B 450, later some distance west past Lütersheim (southern district of Volkmarsen ) and few kilometers east past New reports (eastern district of Bad Arolsen ), after which it is bridged by the railway line Warburg Sarnau.

Finally, the Watter opens between Külte (western district of Volkmarsen ) in the west and in the east Volkmarsen to 187 m above sea level. NN in the coming of the West Diemel inflow Twiste.

Catchment area

The Swatter catchment area, which is 15 km (airline ) long, covers 41.36 km ², which the Watter on the east adjacent Erpe is the second largest by catchment ago tributary of Twiste. Its width varies between one and a half and just under four kilometers.

In its catchment area dominates the Watter very strong, because not even reach 2 km length of its 15 tributaries twelve; the longest measuring 3.8 km. Only two of these tributaries have their own tributaries. The tributaries have joined a catchment area of ​​20.31 km ², which is not even equal to half of Wattereinzugsgebiets. The Valley of the Watter is relatively far east in its catchment area, the same 59 percent are located west of the stream. On this page you will also find much longer and more productive tributaries than on the steeper eastern side.

The groundwater yield in Wattereinzugsgebiet is from 5 to 15 liters per second, an average value.

In the catchment area are five villages with a total of 2,834 inhabitants ( 2003), which corresponds to a population density of 69.5 inhabitants per square meter. The area is mostly used for agriculture. 37 % is arable land, more than 17% grassland, 40 % is forested and four percent are used as part sealed settlement areas.

Watershed

The headwaters of the Watter is on the Diemel-Eder/Fulda/Weser-Wasserscheide. This means that the current flowing in a northerly direction Watter drained by the Twiste and Diemel into the Weser, while the George ditch, which rises only about 450 m away and south of Freienhagen, a southern detour via Elbe, Eder and Fulda takes Weser, and while the heron creek, which rises about 670 meters south of Freienhagen also, an even slightly longer detour on Lake Eder, Eder and Fulda to the Weser takes.

Use

Drinking water

The Watter was not used in the last centuries of drinking water. In Freienhagen, Landau and Lütersheim but you won drinking water from Watter located near the sources. This spring water has been managed in Landau and Lütersheim by water power driven pumping stations in the villages. The Landauer Art is still water in the summer months in operation and can be visited: it pumps the water into a historicizing Kump between the town church and the school on the Landau about 65 meters above the level of the Watter nearby marketplace.

In Freienhagen such a pumping station was not necessary. Here still bear witness to two Kümpe from the water supply of earlier days; one of which is, however, dried up. Due to severe water shortages in the late 1950s in 1960 drilled a deep well of 326 meters in Freienhagen, can be promoted by the daily up to 150 m deep water. A significant portion of this water passes through the village's own wastewater treatment plant in the watter, so they do not dry out today, even with long-lasting heat waves.

All other places in Wattereinzugsgebiet are connected to the sewage treatment plant in Volkmarsen that makes be clarified water to the Twiste.

Hydropower

In addition to the two already mentioned pumping stations drove the waters of the Watter whose slope has an average of 11.3 per thousand, and once a seven classic water mills and a facility to which craft with the help of hydraulic power engines such as sawing operation ( hydropower plant Schuchmann ). In addition to the Landauer pumping station today still use four of the mills, hydropower, three of which operate instead of a water wheel Today, however, turbines and power is to grind instead of flour produced today. For some of the mills, this is even the only energy source, because they far from the closest villages do not have a connection to the power grid due to their location.

Ditches, ponds and weirs

The Watter fed five ponds, without being jammed itself. Four of them are private facilities for fish farming, the fifth ( " Netzer pond " ) serves as a clear water reservoir. More fish ponds are available at the tributaries of the Watter, some of which are also jammed for these purposes.

In Wattertal once existed a grave water system of a total of about 5 km in length. In addition to the operating trenches of the hydro -using plants, there are north of Landau further parallel ditches, which are used for livestock watering. A significant part of this grave system is no longer in operation today. In some cases there are still relics like the ruins of dams and silted ditches.

A special feature at the Watter forms of joint operation ditch the Upper and Lower Mill ( at Freienhagen ). It is crossed by a tributary of the quasi Watter. This is made possible by an additional defense.

Sights and Monuments

Attractions and cultural and natural monuments along or near the Watter include in addition to the water mills already mentioned, the castle Landau, the caves Holle chamber and Huckershöhlen and the remnants of the castle Fürstenstein.

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