Wilhelm Creizenach

William Michael Anton Creizenach ( born June 4, 1851 in Frankfurt am Main, † May 13, 1919 in Dresden ) was a German literary scholar, particularly in the field of German and English drama, a professor in Krakow and a member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Life and work

Creizenach came from an old, highly respected in Frankfurt Jewish family. His grandfather Michael Creizenach was an enlightened theologian in the footsteps of Moses Mendelssohn and educational reformer, his father Theodore, a high school teacher and historian of literature, though rooted its " seals " and "Poems " in Judaism, but the " lift his people with the freedom and make truly German " wanted and 1854 to Protestantism. About a baptism of his mother, the banker's daughter Louise Amalie born Flersheim (1824-1907), is not known.

Wilhelm Creizenach studied history, German and Romance Languages ​​from 1870 to 1874 in Göttingen and Leipzig, and yet one years Sanskrit Berthold Delbrück in Jena. In Leipzig he received his doctorate in 1875 at Friedrich Zarncke with a dissertation on Judas Iscariot in legend and legend of the Middle Ages, which was published in the same year in print, and his habilitation in 1879 also due to a work On the origin of the modern German comedy. In the intervening years he researched and worked in the university libraries of Jena and Breslau, and during the time as a lecturer in German language and literature at the University of Leipzig, he was 1882/83, the Bibliothèque nationale in Paris use as a library assistant

1883 received Creizenach a reputation as an associate professor of German language and literature at the famous Jagiellonian University in Krakow at that time Austrian had been erected in 1850 where the first chair of German and staffed by Karl Weinhold. Two years later, after Creizenachs appeal over the chair to a seminar (ie the Institute ) has been extended for German, English and Scandinavian Studies and ordered Creizenach to its first director. 1886 he was appointed full professor in 1901 /02 he was dean of the Faculty of Philosophy, 1895 he was elected corresponding and 1904 a full member of the Academy of Arts and Sciences ( Akademia Umiejętości ) in Krakow. 1912/13, he retired from teaching and moved to Dresden in order to devote himself entirely to the completion of his life's work, the five-volume history of modern drama that has remained a reference work to this day.

Creizenach researched and taught focus on the history of German literature from the Middle Ages to the Romantic period, dealt particularly with the drama, with Goethe, whose Wilhelm Meister, he edited in Kürschners German national literature, with the fist shape, but also with historical grammar. Largest recognition Creizenach found in Anglo-Saxon as a student of English drama to Shakespeare's time, as evidenced by the multiple reprints of his work in this area in British and American publishers until the recent time. The international recognition that his research found, is also reflected by his honorable vote for the " external member" of Dutch Literature Society in Liege and honorary member of the Shakespeare Society. He published not only in German but also in English and from 1883 also in Polish.

Creizenachs literary estate is located largely in the archives of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences ( PAU ) in Krakow, his correspondence in the Biblioteka Jagiellonian University of Cracow, which he had in 1919 bequeathed his collection of nearly 3000 volumes primarily on the history of drama.

Publications (selection)

  • Legends and Myths of Mount Pilatus. In: Contributions to the history of the German language and literature. (PBB ) 1 ( 1874), pp. 89-107.
  • Armin in poetry and literature. ' Berlin 1875
  • Judas Iscariot in legend and legend of the Middle Ages. Diss Leipzig 1875, In: Contributions to the history of the German language and literature. 2 (1876 ), pp. 177-207 and offprint, E. Karras, Halle a S. 1876
  • Attempt a history of the folk -looking, game of Doctor Faust, Habil.Schrift Univ. Leipzig, Niemeyer, Halle / Saale in 1878
  • At the genesis of the new German comedy. Niemeyer and E. Karras, Halle / Saale, 1879
  • The stage history of Goethe's "Faust". Rütten & Loening, Frankfurt am Main, 1881.
  • New releases on Caroline Neuber. Reprint from: Grenzbote No. 2, Herbif, Leipzig 1882
  • "Faust " w pomyśle Lessinga. 1883
  • At Greene's James the Fourth. Niemeyer, Halle A.Ş. 1885
  • Dramatic reduction of J. M. R. Lenz. On 1 times ed. v. Karl Weinhold. In: Studies in the History of Dramatic Poetry in the seventeenth century. In: Literary Journal for Central Germany b. 1884, No. 37, Leipzig 1884, Sp 1290f.
  • Studies of the history of dramatic poetry in the 17th century. Leipzig 1886
  • The tragedies of the Dutchman in January Vos on the German stage. In 1886.
  • The Punished Fratricide. Reports of the philological- historical class of the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences in 1886; Teubner, Leipzig, 1887, pp. 1 ff.
  • The tragedy " The Punished fratricidal or, Prince Hamlet of Denmark " and its importance for the criticism of Shakespeare's Hamlet. Hirzel, Leipzig 1887
  • The " punished fratricide " and Its Relation to Shakespeare's "Hamlet". In: Modern Philology. 10 (1904 ), University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1904
  • Wilhelm Scherer about the genesis of Goethe 's Faust; a contribution to the history of literary humbugs. Reprint from GrenzboteNr. 7, F.W. Grunow, Carl Marquart, Leipzig 1887
  • The oldest Faust Prologue. Self Publishing, Book Printing Office kk Jagiellonian University, Cracow 1887.
  • O Mlodych latach Schillera. Krakow 1887
  • The spectacles of the English comedians. Kürschners German National Literature XXIII; Spemann, Berlin -Stuttgart 1889 Reprint: . Scientific Book Company, Darmstadt 1967 reprint. Sansyusya, Tokyo 1974
  • The History of Christmas games and Christmas. After manuscripts of the Cracow University Library (No. 3526 and No. 3361 ). In: Contributions to the ethnography. FS for Karl Weinhold the 50th anniversary Doctor, offered on behalf of the Silesian Folklore Society of Wilhelm Creizenach. Germanistische treatises 12, Koebner, Breslau 1896; Marcus, Breslau 1896 emphatically. Olms, Hildesheim - New York 1977, ISBN 3-487-06166- X
  • History of modern drama. 5 volumes, Niemeyer, Halle / Saale 1893-1916 Volume 1: the Middle Ages and early Renaissance, 1893 Volume 2: Renaissance and Reformation part 1, 1901 Volume 3: Renaissance and Reformation part 2, 1903 Volume 4: The English drama in the age of Shakespeare part 1, 1909 Volume 5: The English drama in the age of Shakespeare second part of 1916; Reprint second verb. Ed Hall 1911-1923, reprint: Blom, New York 1965
  • The English Drama in the Age of Shakespeare.. Philadelphia - London 1916 reprints: Haskell House, New York 1964 Russell & Russell, New York, 1967;. University Press of the Pacific, Honolulu, Hawaii, 2005, ISBN 1-4102-2403-1; Publisher International Law & Taxation Publishers, London 2005, ISBN 1-4102-2403-1.
  • Greene on Shakespeare. Vienna -Leipzig 1898
  • O niemieckim opracowaniu " Hamleta " Szekspirowskiego z XVII wieku. 1904
  • Badania nad komedyą Szekspira " Poskromienie złośnicy ". 1909
  • The Early Religious Drama. In: Cambridge History of English Literature. Band 5.1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1910
  • (Ed.): Johann Wolfgang Goethe: Wilhelm Meister's Travels. with introduction and notes by William Creizenach. In: Eduard von der Hellen (Ed.): Goethe's complete works, anniversary edition in 40 volumes, Volume 17/18. . Cotta, Stuttgart 1904
  • About 20 biographies in the General German Biography (ADB )
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