William Benjamin Carpenter

William Benjamin Carpenter ( born October 29, 1813 in Exeter, † November 19, 1885 in London ) was an English physiologist and naturalist.

Carpenter studied medicine at University College London and the University of Edinburgh, where he in 1839 with the thesis " The Physiological Inferences to be Deduced from the Structure of the Nervous System of Invertebrated Animals" for MD received his doctorate.

In 1844 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. In 1845 he became professor of physiology Fullerian at the Royal Institution. In 1847 he was examiner in physiology and comparative anatomy at the University of London, in 1849 Professor of Forensic Medicine at University College, and finally in 1856 at the University registrar.

Besides physiological investigations he carried out from 1868 deep-sea research. So he organized, among others, the Challenger Expedition ( 1872-1876 ). He has published over foraminifera and their classification.

Carpenter described the called according to his Carpenter effect ideomotor effect for the first time in 1852 (see also Ideomotorisches law, Ideo -Real Act). He suggested in 1853 that "sensory ganglion" ( thalamus ) before the seat of consciousness.

Works

  • Popular Cyclopaedia of natural science (3 volumes, London, 1843).
  • Principles of General and Comparitive Physiology, (London 1839, 4th edition 1854)
  • Principles of human physiology (1846, 9th Edition 1882)
  • Vegetable physiology and botany; including the structure and organs of plants, Their characters, uses, geographical distribution and classification, to the Natural accor ding system ( Wm S. Orr and Co., London, 1847).
  • On the Use and Abuse of Alcoholic Liquors, in health and disease. Prize essay ( John Churchill, London, 1850).
  • Mechanical Philosophy, Horology, and Astronomy (London, 1857).
  • Manual of physiology ( 4th ed 1865)
  • The Microscope and Its Revelations (1856, 6th edition 1881)
  • Zoology. A Systematic Account of the General Structure, Habits, Instincts and Uses of the principal Families of the Animal Kingdom, (London 1857)
  • Together with Thomas Rupert Jones (1819-1911) and William Kitchen Parker (1823-1890): Introduction to the study of the Foraminifera. (London, 1862).
  • Together with Charles Wyville Thomson and John Gwyn Jeffreys (1809-1885): The Depths of the Sea. An account of the general results of the dredging cruises of HMSS. " Porcupine " and " Lightning " during the Summers of 1868, 1869, and 1870 ( London, 1873).
  • Principles of Mental Physiology, (1874, 3rd edition 1879)
Challenger-Expedition Ideomotor phenomenon Integrated Authority File
821915
de