Winchester Cathedral

The Winchester Cathedral, officially: "The Cathedral Church of The Holy Trinity and Indivisible ", is one of the largest cathedrals in the United Kingdom. It was built from 1079 to 1093 in Winchester.

Building

Around the year 828 around Winchester was the first capital of England before it was from the 12th century London.

The cathedral has the largest European longhouse. In the 14th century it had a length of 180 meters. Later, the west facade was demolished and displaced by 12 meters back, so as to give a present length of the nave of 168 meters. In the late 14th century, large parts of the church in the Perpendicular style were rebuilt.

In the old cathedral in 1043 Edward the Confessor was crowned and even William the Conqueror and some of his successors could be even crown Winchester except in London in her other capital.

The transept was built from 1079 to 1090. Are getting this Romanesque building the northern transept and crypt as the most impressive interior of the early Romanesque decades. The guided around the narrow side aisles have their own galleries.

For the first time this occurs, the elevation system 1:2:3 on, which is the usual for England: an arcade arch of the ground floor corresponds to a double arcade in the Empor region and a three-part arc position in the clerestory after aba scheme ( greater width of the center with the window that is after the Norman way behind the walkway ). Significantly, the Norman Blendbogenarkaturen the lower side aisle walls. Originally, the aisles were covered with cross vaults among bands. " The overall effect is determined by the mass of the compact rock walls " ( Pevsner ).

After a collapse in 1107, it took place in the early 12th century, a strengthening of the crossing piers and a renewal of the crossing tower.

The retro choir from the years 1189-1202 has been changed in the late Gothic style. There are chapels for measuring the dead Cardinal Beaufort and Bishop Waynfletes in him.

The frescoes in the Chapel of the Holy grave come from the period around 1230 and document the former court style.

The rebuilding of the Norman building was in the choir since about 1320. 1371 until the end of the 15th century followed the nave. The floor plan and parts of the masonry were retained. The three ships appear independent, simple cubic limited spaces than in itself. Striking is the frame-like grating the walls.

The west facade was demolished in the mid 14th century and 12 m built new back.

The Lady Chapel was extended in the late 15th century and renewed their vaults.

In the first quarter of the 16th century, the choir - aisles were rebuilt.

1635 the vault of the crossing tower was rebuilt in the Gothic style.

The diver William Walker 1906-1911 worked at the foundation of the cathedral, to secure it and prevent a collapse. A bust still reminds us of him.

Equipment

The organ dates back to an instrument that had been built in 1851 by organ builder Willis. 1938 instrument by the organ builders Harrison & Harrison has been completely restored and rebuilt. The organ has 78 registers ( including two transmissions ), four manuals ( five plants ) and pedal. The Spieltrakturen are electro- pneumatic, the Registertrakturen are electric.