Wireless Local Loop

The wireless local loop technology ( WLL) is used where the telephone line via a subscriber line ( engl. local loop ) is not feasible or too expensive, eg in sparsely populated rural areas. Also, new network operators who do not have a copper access network, use this technique.

There are two different procedures:

• Point-to -point radio transmission - the classic radio
• Point-to- multipoint radio transmission. This provides a base station several participants. You must use a multiple - access method so that are the same channels for all participants.

The WLL technology requires licensing of radio frequencies used. WLL (comparable to DSL and cable) used as a technique for broadband services, although from a technical point of view, a use exclusively for telephony is possible. In combination with an alternative, terrestrial backup line to WLL offers a highly resilient connectivity to the Internet. Under the name of several WiMAX IEEE standards for WLL radio networks have been combined.

As alternatives to inpatient wireless connection of participants with rather low traffic volume and GSM mobile voice ports and based on the data transfer on 3G mobile phone standards such as UMTS and HSDPA connections with cellular gateways as a stationary network termination are possible.