Xanthine oxidase

  • OMIM: 607 633
  • UniProt: P47989
  • MGI: 98973
  • CAS Number: 9002-17-9

Xanthine oxidase (XO, sometimes XAO ) and xanthine dehydrogenase ( XDH ) is a metalloenzyme ( a hydroxylase ) which catalyzes the oxidation of xanthine and hypoxanthine to uric acid in the kidney and liver.

The active site contains a molybdenum atom bound in the form of the molybdenum cofactor ( MoCo ). Each subunit also contains two distinct two- two iron -sulfur cluster ( 2Fe-2S ), and a FAD molecule. In prokaryotes, the MoCo, ( 2Fe- 2S) - and FAD - domain of two or three genes encoded in eukaryotes, the domains are fused in a gene. Therefore, the enzyme exists as a homodimer in eukaryotes before, prokaryotes heterotetramer or Heterohexamer.

Increased uric acid levels is known as gout. Gout can therefore be treated with an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase; as allopurinol or febuxostat. Allopurinol binds tightly to the reduced form of xanthine oxidase and thus inactivates it. Characterized the production of uric acid, low-solubility is reduced, and increases the concentration of the more soluble compounds of xanthine and hypoxanthine.

Human Genome Organisation Mouse Genome Informatics CAS registry number Hydroxylation Organism Iron-sulfur cluster Dimer (chemistry)
830662
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