Xenonym

Xenonym ( " foreign name ", from the Greek xenos " foreign" and onoma " name ") is a technical term in linguistics to refer to the name or other significance other words, in terms of the "foreign" behave in a given context. What is the nature of this context and according to which criteria the strangeness is determined, is oriented towards the professional context of use.

Onomastics

In the name of research ( onomastics ), especially in research on individuals' names are called Xenonym a name from a foreign language (encoder language, source language ) has been borrowed in a native language ( recipient language, target language ). The context, in relation to the strangeness is determined, so is the language and system name of the target language.

Criterion for assessing the strangeness are primarily the etymological origin and secondarily the phonemic and graphematic properties of the name. On the basis of such properties on the one hand, the degree of linguistic integration into the target language can be measured, on the other hand they can also be used for the identification of Rückentlehnungen but when a native name first borrowed in a foreign language and back borrowed later with their phomematisch / graphematischer stamping again was.

Ethnolinguistics

In the ethnolinguistics and Ethnonomastik the term Xenonym is mostly used in a different, more established, especially in the English- understanding of research, namely the name of an ethnic group ( ethnonym ), or their language ( Glossonym ), which is given to her in a foreign ethnicity and language. The antonym of this is autonymum, to name a name, an ethnic or linguistic community themselves or their language ( Autoglossonym ) designated by the in this language. German -language equivalents are " foreign name" and "own name", which are well established in the research on social minorities and minority languages.

Unlike elsewhere in the onomastics Xenonyme not belong to this, by definition, the class of borrowings, so it is not a necessary condition for the existence of a Xenonyms that this was borrowed into their own language. If he is borrowing it depends on the methodological and terminological location of the investigation, whether the name according to the criterion of its external origin is already rated as yet Xenonym, or according to the criterion of its internal use as an autonym.

Semantics

In the semantics of the term Xenonym is needed since Alan Cruse (1986 ) sometimes for a word or lexical expression within a given (or specially formed for the purpose of investigation ) linking words (Syntagma ) in a relationship of semantic verbal rejection to his neighboring hills. Relevant context for the determination of the strangeness is thus the syntagmatic context, and the criteria for the measurement of strangeness are purely semantic.

Characteristics and sub-species such Xenonymie semantically defined are inadequate (eg, " the ornamental plant is the spoon " instead of " die" ), inconsistency ( " male Aunt " ) and inconsistency ( " dripping " theory ). Counter terms are Philonymie (normal, harmonious relationship ) and Tautonymie ( pleonastic relationship).

Phonology

In phonology, the term Xenonym 1999 by James W. Harris was introduced to refer to a class of words, consisting mainly of loanwords and onomatopoeia, which is characterized by strong variation from speaker to speaker, missing or incomplete integration into the morphophonological system and short-lived, of TV and popular culture supported conjunctures of use excel. The relevant context for determining the strangeness here is primarily the morphophonological system (target) language.