Xu Da

Xu Da (Chinese徐达/徐达; * 1332, Fengyang, Anhui, † February 1385, Nanjing, Jiangsu) was a Chinese general who earned merits under the Ming dynasty. He was a close confidant of the first Ming Emperor Hongwu, and father of the third Ming emperor Yongle, who married daughter under the name of Zhu Di Xu 1376.

The initial time under the Ming

In 1353 Xu graduated Since the Red Turbans in, the future emperor was the command subordinated, then called Zhu Yuanzhang, and was involved in the submission of several warlords. In the early days of the Ming Dynasty, he reached in 1368 with several other officers of the city Dadu (today's Beijing ) to - at that time the capital of the Mongol Yuan - and forced their rulers to flee.

Xu Da pursued the fleeing Mongols. During this pursuit, he was able to pull the actually allied with the Mongols Korean general Yi Seonggye, the later founder of the Korean Joseon Dynasty to his side. Later he penetrated on Mongolian territory and took the Mongolian capital Karakorum in 1370 finally a. He captured thousands of Mongolian nobles.

After the capture of Karakorum Xu attracted the troops further north on the Jablonowygebirge to the present Siberian region of Transbaikalia. When he had finished his campaign, the Mongol troops were decimated. The Hongwu Emperor was then the image in the first place Xu Ming Temple of the Meritorious men attach. Xu Da was living at that time in Nanjing.

Governors and builder

In 1370 Xu Di of Hongwu was appointed as governor of the now renamed Beiping City Dadu to support the then only ten years of the Prince Regent Zhu Di, and was also the Supreme Commander of the Northern armies. 1371 moved to Beiping after Xu, instructed Zhu Di, the Yongle Emperor later, and took with him military expeditions to Mongolia. 1376 Zhu Di married at the age of 16 years, Xu's daughter.

Xu Da was involved in the rapid expansion of the Great Wall under the Ming. After the conquest of Beijing, he led the gain and the development of the pass fortress Juyongguan, and in the years 1376 to 1381 and the rebuilding of the fortifications Gubeikou, Xifengkou and Songtingguan and the construction of the fortress city of Shanhaiguan and the reinforcement of the wall between Shanhaiguan to Juyongguan. Total Since 32 forts were built under the direction of Xu.

1384 ill Xu Da, moved back to Nanjing and died in 1385 under mysterious circumstances. His tomb is one of the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing dynasties, which are on the list of monuments of the People's Republic of China and on the list of UNESCO world heritage today.

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