Xylidine

The xylidines (also Aminoxylole or dimethylanilines called ) are aromatic amines having the general formula C6H3 ( CH3) 2NH2 or as the sum formula C8H11N, of which there are six constitutional isomers. They can be interpreted as amino derivatives of xylenes. They arise, inter alia, as by-products in the fractional distillation of coal tar.

Structure and Properties

The xylidines are usually yellowish liquids ( with the exception of the solid 3,4- xylidine ) and possess an amine- like odor. They change color when exposed to light and air contact. They are sparingly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether. Xylidines are mostly toxic.

Representation

Technically xylidines be obtained by reaction of an isomeric mixture of xylenes. By nitration to form the Nitroxylole thereof from which the xylidines are accessible by reduction. Product is a mixture of isomers. To separate this mixture of hydrochloric acid is added; it differs from a crystal, consisting of the hydrochloride of 2,6- xylidine substantially.

Use

In general, the production of dyes xylidines, pesticides and other chemicals may be used. Further, the 2,3- isomer is used for the preparation of mefenamic acid, the 2,6- isomer reacted anesthetics (such as lidocaine ), and the 3,4- isomer of vitamin B2. Technical xylidine found almost exclusively in the preparation of azo dyes of use, but it has been used as part of the rocket fuel Tonka.