Yanbu
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Yanbu ' al Bahr (Arabic ينبع البحر, DMG Yanbu ʿ al -Bahr, source by the sea), also known as Yanbu, Yambo, or Yenbo is a major port on the Red Sea, in the province of Medina in western Saudi Arabia. The city is located about 350 kilometers north of Jeddah.
The story of Yanbu ' al Bahr begins about 2,500 years ago as an important base on the trade route between Yemen and Egypt and the Mediterranean, with particular spices and incense were traded. In World War Yanbu ' al Bahr served as a base for Arab and British troops in their fight against the Ottoman Empire. By 1975, the city remained a relatively small port; in 1975, the Saudi Arabian Government, Yanbu ' al -Bahr al -Jubail as well as decided in the Persian Gulf to the new industrial bases expand. In 1991, the population was about 40,000.
The city itself is divided into three regions, which are apart from each other approximately 15 minutes by car. The city itself, often called " Al- Balad ", is the site of most residential areas and shopping centers. Besides being Yanbu Al- Nakhel (Al- Nakheel ) is a relatively old field, which consists almost entirely of agricultural land. The third region is the industrial area of Yanbu Al- Sina'iya (such as " the industrial Yanbu " ), which was built in a very new and modern architecture since about 1975. Here are all the refineries and petrochemical plants, this region continues to grow very quickly.
Yanbu ' al Bahr has an important port, is shipped across the oil, and also owns three oil refineries, a plastics factory and other major petrochemical plants. Today it is the second largest port of Saudi Arabia, and is also the major port for the holy city of Medina, which lies about 160 kilometers to the east. The natural harbor of the city is protected on both sides by coral reefs. Three major pipelines that bring oil from the eastern oil fields to the Red Sea, end in Yanbu ' al Bahr. In addition, the city also has a domestic airport and a naval base ( air defense ). A new expressway linking Jeddah and Yanbu with the northern parts of the kingdom and neighboring countries Syria and Jordan.