Yangshao culture

The Yangshao culture (Chinese仰韶文化, Pinyin Yǎngsháo Wenhua ) spread alongside the Peiligang culture and the Cishan culture in the period 5000-2000 BC in some areas of central and northern China as well as in the coastal strip. With over 1,000 archaeological sites of Hebei Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Gansu and Qinghai far as along the Huang He, this culture is particularly well documented.

Characteristic of this Neolithic culture is the painted pottery. The vessels were made ​​without a potter 's wheel and painted black and red on brown and brick- base. They are decorated with geometric and figurative elements.

Tools of the Yangshao culture were made ​​of polished stone and bone. There was a bow and arrow, harpoons, fish-hooks and spears. The nutritional basis of the traditional millet cultivation, the attitude of pig and dog ( rare beef, goat and sheep), hunting and fishing. Prey were horses, deer, rhinoceroses, antelopes, leopards, rabbits, among others. Too sericulture was already known.

A typical settlement of the Yangshao culture was in the village of Banpo (or Banpocun ) in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province unearthed. The settlement is oval created an area of ​​50 000 m². The homes, the community center, the storage silos and the animal enclosures were surrounded by a 6m wide and deep moat. In the north of the burial sites were. Children were buried in urns in the living area. From the fact that the deceased food and grave goods were settled, it is concluded that there was already afterlife.

The houses were square, round or rectangular created and were relatively stable. Roof and walls were partly supported by wooden posts.

Because of their different types of ceramics different named according to their sites Yangshao cultures are distinguished: Banpo Culture, Shijia culture, Miaodigou culture, Xiwangcun culture, Qinwangzhai culture, Hougang culture, Dasikongcun culture and Xiawanggang culture.

The Yangshao site is since 1961 on the list of monuments of the People's Republic of China ( 1-138 ).

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