Yefim Golyshev
Yefim ( Jef ) Golyscheff (born 8 Septemberjul / September 20 1897greg in Kherson, .. † September 25, 1970 in Paris) was a Ukrainian composer and painter who lived for a time in Germany and later moved to Brazil. He is one of the pioneers of the twelve-tone music.
Life
Golyscheffs musical career began early as a violin prodigy skills, in 1905 he accompanied the Symphony Orchestra of Odessa during a tour as a soloist. At the St. Petersburg Conservatory, he became a pupil of Leopold Auer. From 1909 he studied at the Stern Conservatory in Berlin, where he was awarded the Reger price. A string trio composed in 1914 ( printed in Berlin in 1925 ) is based on Zwölftonkomplexen. The halftones in this single surviving composition Golyscheffs are represented by crosses lying (similar to the apparently regardless of developed unsigned notation manner of contemporaries Nikolai Obukhov ). The individual records also require about the particular sentence to be retained unchanged dynamics (eg I. mezzo -forte, fortissimo II ).
Encouraged by Ferruccio Busoni came other compositions, including two operas and symphonic poem with scenic Actions " The icy Song " (1920 premiered in parts of George Weller in Berlin). He also took lessons from Wassily Kandinsky ( a friend of his father ) and became the creator of anti-art works, such as a self-portrait from cigarette boxes, bread and matches. Together with Raoul Hausmann and Richard Huelsenbeck he founded the Berlin Dada. Golyscheff also studied chemistry and physics, worked as a technical consultant for TOBIS sound film and came up with Eisenstein and Pudovkin in contact, for he 1931 film score for " Igdenbu the great hunter " wrote.
As a Jew and denounced as " degenerate artist" by Golyscheff saw himself forced to flee Germany in 1933; all compositions and images were confiscated and were lost. First he went to Portugal, then to Barcelona, where he worked as a chemist until the Civil War. After Franco's victory in 1938, he fled to France, where he was interned temporarily and joined the Resistance. 1956-1966 Golyscheff lived in São Paulo, took to the Brazilian nationality and worked again as a visual artist and also as a stimulator of the young Brazilian composer group " Música Nova ". From 1966 until his death lived Golyscheff as a painter in Paris.