Yekke

Jecke (also Jekke, anglicized spelling Yekke, singular: the Jecke that Jeckete, plural: the Jeckes or Yekkes, adjective: jeckisch ) is a colloquial name of the Yiddish language to German- Jewish immigrants of the 1930s in Palestine and their descendants in the present population of Israel.

Value end connotations

It is a mocking foreign name that was used by the country already reached with the previous waves of immigration, Jews from Eastern Europe to characterize the new arrivals from Germany and Austria with regard to their characterization by German culture, and with the then stereotyping as arrogance, exaggerated accuracy and thoroughness and lack of adaptation to the linguistic and cultural preferences of their new environment have been associated. From the " Jeckes " itself was partly rejected as an insult, partly tolerated intentioned as friendly appreciative ridicule and then increasingly adopted as the more or less ironic self-designation. The original Jews from Germany and Austria limited term was subsequently extended also to immigrants from other Eastern and Central European countries, where they felt German language and culture combined.

Etymology

The etymology of the word is not clear safely. Widely used is the derivation of the German word jacket, with the then connect two different modes of explanation. According to the one which tackles the emergence of the word only in Palestine, should be meant as "Coats ( carrier ) " German immigrants, because they are also in the hot climate of their new home and in physical work, many of them taking up their previous had to exercise civil professions, value placed on proper clothes and took off their jackets not. According to the other the jacket as a hallmark of assimilation into non-Jewish Western European culture is meant by it is already distinguished in Europe from the carriers of the traditional, especially in Eastern and Orthodox Jews remained common caftans. Jecke would be similar insofar as tie Jew a kind of antonym to the word Kaftanjude, which was adapted and popularized particularly by the anti-Semitic language.

According to another explanation Jecke is instead derive from the Low German, particularly by the Cologne Carnival in High German well-known word Jeck (high German dude ), " fool ", which is phonetically kev with the diminutive Jekl the name Yes [ n] ( James) is said to have crossed over. In this case, one would have to Jecke means of the pejorative names of Jewish people as Yiddish Jekl, Jeklein, Jeke " ( smaller) Jacob " a significant way to set up at least the 16th century traceability of word history.

Hebrew Jecke ( יקה ) also jokingly as an acronym for " Yehudi Kasche Hawana " ( " obtuse Jew " ) is resolved.

Others

The educator Israel Shiloni (Hans Herbert Hammerstein, 1901-1996 ), who came from a family of assimilated Jews in Berlin and was mainly before the final emigration to Palestine in Frankfurt, Bonn and Stettin had worked, began in 1971 in Nahariya with the structure a museum to the culture of German Jewry, whose collection in 1992 he industrialist Stef Wertheimer transferred and since then the " Tefen Open Museum " Wertheimer (see Tefen sculpture garden ) under the name " Museum for German -speaking Jewry - cultural Center of the Jeckes ", a new home was. By a traveling exhibition that. Tefener the Museum in conjunction with the Berlin Centrum Judaicum first time in Berlin in 2008 under the title " Jeckes The German - speaking Jews in Israel showed "the story of Shilonis collection in Germany became known to a wider audience.

The short film Haya & Mimi deals with the ambivalent relationship between two German-born Jewish Israeli women to your native city.

Quotes

"Every Aliyah ( wave of immigration ) was a little ridiculed because of their strange habits - but no more than that of Jeckes. The German Jews were often the butt of general ridicule. The adults took a long time until they mastered the Hebrew language to some extent, and they were never her strong German accent going on. But it was not just the language, it was also the tortuous courtesy as well and strictly educated people - men who lifted their hats when they said good day, and the endless stream of, thank you ' and, if you please .' The Eastern Europeans found this behavior ridiculous. "

"I 'm just a pure Jeckete: When I say that I 'll be there at ten, then I 'm two minutes there before ten. Sometimes I do not want to be among the first, at a party or something, but I do not succeed. "

" What is the difference between a Jecke and a virgin? Jecke remains Jecke. "