Yungay (Peru)
Yungay on the map of Peru
Yungay is a Peruvian city in the department of Ancash. It is the capital of the province of Yungay. Yungay is located 60 km north of the regional capital of Huaraz in the Callejón de Huaylas ( valley of the Rio Santa ).
- 3.1 Yungay Viejo
- 3.2 Yungay nuevo
Etymology
Yungay in the language of the indigenous population ( Quechua ) as much as warm valley ( Yunkay ). The same Chilean town of Yungay was named after the Battle of Yungay (1839 ) in Peru.
Geography
Location
The town of Yungay, with around 10,000 inhabitants (about 20,000 live in the District Yungay ), located at about 2500 meters above sea level in Interandean longitudinal valley of the Rio Santa, which fault of the tectonic fault line of the Cordillera Blanca is crossed. The place is therefore in the height level of the Tierra Fria, the main settlement area of the Andes. An impact on the countryside around the afforested with the allochthonous tree genera Eucalyptus and Pinus surfaces.
Economy
The city is a marketplace and trading center for the entire province. As a central place Yungay has the provincial government, a hospital, schools and is also the headquarters of the only mountain rescue station in Peru. Due to its location in close proximity to Peru's highest mountain, Huascaran, the city is a popular starting point for trekking in the Cordillera Blanca. The area around Yungay one of the major peach growing areas of Peru.
History
Yungay viejo
The "old" Yungay ( the "Pearl of the Andes" ) (9 ° 9 '1 " S, 77 ° 44' 12" W - 9.1503784341667 77.73653100252550 ) was born on May 31, 1970 along with the majority of its 19,000 inhabitants (District Yungay ) completely buried by a massive landslide among masses of mud and debris. The same fate befell the neighboring towns Ranrahirca and Matacoto. Caused by a very strong earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale broke away large parts of the glaciated north-west flank of the Huascaran massif, the highest at 6768 m elevation in Peru. About 50 million cubic meters of ice, mud and rock thundered with devastating force to the Quebrada Llanganuco Valley, jumped over a 200 m high, supposedly protective ridge and poured over almost the entire city. Only the cemetery located on a hill and the giant Christ statue in its center were spared. Here survived 93 people. The landslide put estimates of the United States Geological Survey to its standstill 14.5 km in four minutes, which equates to an average speed of 220 km / hr. Different sources, lost 12000-20000 people their lives; depending on which affected neighboring settlements were to be counted. Only a few remnants Maurer and a filled with rock bus wreck testify to the relentless force of the disaster. The site of the destroyed village was declared in its entire surface to the cemetery ( sanctuary ) and remains an awesome memorial.
Yungay nuevo
Today Yungay was rebuilt about 1.5 miles north of the accident site after the disaster of 1970. It originated from a warehouse, which was built by assistants to supply purposes after the devastating disaster of 1970. Original plans of the government in Lima saw the reconstruction, in a more remote area; However, the survivors and the population of the nearby surrounding areas braced themselves against these plans. The steady increase in population in Yungay Nuevo since the 1970s led to a strong increase in the settlement area, so that parts of the new city were already built again near the deposits of the debris avalanche of 1970.