Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
Yuzhno -Sakhalinsk (Russian Южно - Сахалинск ) with 181 728 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ) administrative center and largest city of Sakhalin Oblast on Sakhalin Island in the Far East of Russia.
- 4.1 Education
Geography
Yuzhno -Sakhalinsk is located in the south of Sakhalin Island, the river Sussuja. The distance to Moscow is about 6660 km in a straight line.
The city placed under 10 villages, including the former urban-type settlement Sinegorsk, together with 7549 inhabitants. Yuzhno- Sakhalinsk is with its population the only major city of the island.
History
1882, the village Vladimirovka (Russian Владимировка ) was established on the site of the present city.
From 1905 to 1945, the place was called Toyohara (Japanese豊 原 市, -shi) and was under Japanese rule. He was the administrative center of Karafuto Prefecture in South Sakhalin. The Japanese built at that time in the south of the railway with a narrower track width than the Russian railway line in the north. The southern part of Sakhalin had gone as a result of the lost of Russia Russo- Japanese War of 1904-1905 in Japan. Thousands of Koreans were brought to the island of Sakhalin to work. Today, the city of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Museum is housed in the only remaining building from the period of Japanese rule.
1945 Sakhalin fell back to the Soviet Union. While the Japanese were removed from the Sakhalin region, many Koreans had to stay because they had neither the Japanese nor the Soviet citizenship. Many hoped for a return to Korea and therefore rejected the USSR citizenship. 1946 Yuzhno -Sakhalinsk was awarded the Soviet city law, and it received its current name, derived from the situation in the south of Sakhalin.
Only in 1990, after the restoration of diplomatic relations between Russia and South Korea, efforts to return the Koreans were taken to their homes. Japan's government funded to build a retirement home in the south of the Korean peninsula and a residential district in the city of Ansan. About 2,000 of the first generation Koreans subjected thereafter from Sakhalin to get there.
Vladimirovka end of the 19th century
Toyohara ( 1930 )
Post Office Toyohara, 1930
Demographics
Note: Census data
Economy
Important industries in Yuzhno -Sakhalinsk are fishing, fish processing, furniture manufacturing, machine building, light and food industries. The city has an airport and is the seat of the airline SAT Airlines. Oil and gas reserves have been discovered.
The state with December 2012 caused by the oil production environment damage is visible by mixing of groundwater with oil, extensive fish kills, desertification of grasslands and far disproportionate cancers of the locals.
The Sakhalin II project around 20 billion U.S. dollars will be invested for the development of an estimated 150 million tons of oil and 500 billion cubic meters of gas reserves. In the south of the island of Sakhalin, a gas liquefaction plant to be built with a capacity of 9.6 million tons per year. Rigs to the continental shelf of Sakhalin tap and piping along the entire island from north to south are built. However, the island of Sakhalin is by earthquakes and volcanoes endangered area.
At the site there is a monitoring station of SDCM system.
Culture
The city owns a home and an art museum and the Chekhov Theatre. The island Sakhalin by Anton Chekhov describes the forced labor in the Tsarist Empire in the form of a travelogue and belongs to world literature. The writer visited Korsakov in 1890, before he began his journey back to Moscow from there.
Education
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is home to a variety of educational institutions. Mention may be made, among others, several institutes of Marine Sciences, The State University of Sakhalin, a College of Education, a branch of the Interstate Commerce Moscow University and a School of Economics, law and computer science.
Structures
In Yuzhno- Sakhalinsk is a 182 -meter high TV and FM radio mast, which has four arranged in two planes cross members, ranging up to the guy wires ( see picture above).