Zakopane

Zakopane ( [ zakɔ'panɛ ] listen? / I ) is a city in the Malopolska province located in the southern part of Poland, approximately 90 kilometers south of the city of Krakow in a wide basin of the High Tatras near the Slovak border. The city is the largest winter sports center in the country.

  • 4.1 tourism
  • 6.1 Sons and daughters of the town
  • 7.1 External links
  • 7.2 footnotes

Geography

Zakopane is one of the southernmost cities and the highest town in Poland. The highest mountains of Poland ( to 2499 m above sea level) belong to the municipality, the urban area itself ranges from 750 up to 1000 m altitude. The city center ( intersection of Krupówki and Kosciuszkostraße ) is located at an altitude of 838 m. Zakopane has because of its altitude slightly lower temperatures and significantly higher precipitation than places in the lowlands. To the south the city borders the High Tatras National Park.

Coat of arms

Description: In blue a gray sign foot pointed with a white standing on it Endrautenkreuz with rays between the arms of the cross. Behind the two golden star base with Whiskers outwardly facing crossed keys with cross incision in the beards and heart-shaped key breakthrough in the Ride.

History

Zakopane was only in the middle of the 19th century known, although the history of the city dates back to the 17th century, when it was first mentioned under the name Zakopisko. At the time, settled here in the first shepherds, farmers and loggers. In nearby Kuźnice ( now a district of Zakopane ) emerged in the mid -18th century, a steel mill, in which the iron ore extracted from the Tatra Mountains has been processed. Zakopane belonged until 1918 to the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria.

The highlanders

Zakopane remained almost until the end of the 19th century, a tranquil village in which the Highlanders built their simple wooden houses that they also non-local visitors set available in part from about 1850. After the 1870s in the years "discovery" Zakopane by the Warsaw doctor Tytus Chałubiński ( 1820-1889 ), who established a sanatorium for tuberculosis patients here were carried out to Zakopane became a popular holiday destination more and more - especially for artists, here inspiration and creativity investigated. One of many examples is the composer Karol Szymanowski (1882-1937), the 1932 even settled in Zakopane.

After the turn of the century the first hotels were developed and since 1899 also joined a railway line Zakopane Krakow, more and more people traveled to the foot of the High Tatras. You searched recreation, founded the first hiking clubs or explored customs of them today still largely unknown highlanders. Their culture, their traditional songs and their language - a Polish- Slovak dialect - has remained to this day in the area of Zakopane.

The Zakopane style

Not only the major sporting events and the problems associated with them streams of visitors changed the image of Zakopane, which was awarded its town charter in 1933. In addition to the many traditional wooden houses of the Highlanders held from 1893 to the so-called Zakopane style feeder that combined the tradition of Goralenarchitektur with elements of modern Art Nouveau according to the ideas of the architect Stanisław Witkiewicz. The first of these, designed by Witkiewicz houses the Villa Koliba, which now houses a museum dedicated to this regional style comprehensively.

World War II

With the formation of the General Government after the military defeat of Poland in World War II Zakopane was the county captaincy Neumarkt ( Nowy Targ ) incorporated. From October 1939 to the summer of 1941 was Hans Malsfey ( 1900-1961 ) City Commissioner of Zakopane, after which he was District Chief of Neumarkt.

In the first quarter of 1940, representatives of the Gestapo and the NKVD in Zakopane met to discuss joint measures for the suppression of the Polish resistance movement. In the summer of the same year, the German authorities Zakopane detained for Jews and declared it at the same time to the recreation area for German. The following year, the Jewish Sperrbezirk to Neumarkt was extended.

For the Polish resistance movement, in turn, Zakopane was an important stop in the news network that stretched from Warsaw and Krakow through Slovakia to Budapest. Its inhabitants functioned not only as couriers, the news brought over the mountains, but were also integrated a variety of ways in which acts of resistance against the German occupiers.

Tourism projects

After the re- emergence of the Polish state in 1918, the holiday region around Zakopane became one of the most ambitious projects of Polish tourists associations. 1925 Wielka Krokiew ski jump was opened in 1939 launched the first cable car to the Kasprowy Peak. The Nordic World Ski Championships in 1929, 1939 and 1962 as well as the Biathlon World Championships 1969 took place here. When applying for the Winter Olympics in 2006, Zakopane, however, remained a chance. In addition, Zakopane competed unsuccessfully for the Nordic World Ski Championships 2015.

Economy

Tourism

Zakopane carries two unofficial names already indicate the importance of the holiday aptly capital of the Tatras and winter capital of Poland. The city has about three million visitors annually, so come to a inhabitants about 100 tourists.

In the foreground is the skiing. But athletes will also find other options such as snowboarding or paragliding. The expansion of cable cars and snow cannons was steadily promoted, hotel networks compacted and far away from the slopes emerged in the streets of the city traditional, associated with the culture of highland markets. The city also offers a number of restaurants, coffee houses and nightclubs.

A well-known mountain of Zakopane is the Gubałówka, on the leads of a cable railway; on the Antałówka is a ski lift. On the ski jump Wielka Krokiew (translated: Big rafters) are held World Cup Ski Jumping regularly. In addition, the jump was in 1929, 1939 and 1962 hosted the Nordic World Ski Championships. In addition to the Wielka Krokiew also are still the hills Średnia Krokiew, Mała Krokiew Malenka Krokiew and Adaś.

By Zakopane mountain trail Eisenach -Budapest runs.

Twin Cities

  • Poprad ( Slovakia) (25 June 1993)
  • Saint- Dié -des- Vosges (France ) (July 14 1990)
  • Siegen ( Germany ) (21 April 1989)
  • Sopot ( Poland) ( March 20, 1993 )

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the town

  • Marcin Bachleda (* 1982 ), ski jumpers
  • Andrzej Bachleda - Curuś (* 1947), skier
  • Stanislaw Bobak (1956-2010), ski jumpers
  • Stanislaw Chrobak (1902 -? ), Skiers
  • Stanisław Kądziołka (1902-1971), military patrol runners
  • Adam Kwak (* 1986), biathlete
  • Robert Mateja (* 1974), ski jumpers
  • Dorota Mogore - Tlalka (* 1963), alpine skier
  • Małgorzata Mogore - Tlalka (* 1963), alpine skier
  • Anna Morawska (1922-1972), journalist, translator and author
  • Łukasz Rutkowski (* 1988), ski jumpers
  • Mateusz Rutkowski (* 1986), ski jumpers
  • Kamil Stoch (* 1987), ski jumpers
  • Zbigniew Woycicki (1902-1928), officer and skiers

References

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