Žirmūnai

Žirmunai (Polish Żyrmuny ) is a district of Vilnius, which is north of the city center and on the west bank of the Neris River.

• 3.1 14th century - 19th century
• 3.2 20th century
• 3.3 21st century

• 4.1 Parks and Museums
• 4.2 Sports and entertainment
• 4.3 Gewerblichs and industrial plants

Location

Žirmunai occupies about 1.4% of the total area of ​​Vilnius. The district extends over 4.4 kilometers from north to south and 1.5 km at its widest point. The southernmost point of Žirmunai is located just 450 meters from the Cathedral of St. Stanislaus, which is located in the city center. The Neris serves as the northern, eastern and southern limit. Four bridges boundaries Žirmunai from:

• Valakampių Tiltas
• Silo Tiltas
• Žirmūnų Tiltas
• Mindaugo Tiltas

Despite the proximity of the city center, is the shore of Žirmunai of dense deciduous forest, which begins at Žirmūnų Tiltas covered. The forest, which lies at the northernmost point, is part of a botanical nature reserve within the Verkių regioninis parkas.

Population

Demography

With 47,400 inhabitants Žirmunai is the most populous district of Vilnius. According to the census of 2001, there were 21,363 private households in Žirmunai what constitutes 2.2 per household residents. The population of Žirmunai increased rapidly, mainly due to buildings of residential buildings in Šiaurės miestelis, a section of the district.

Ethnicities

2001 lived in Žirmunai 59.2 % Lithuanians, 16.8% Russians, 14.4% Poles, 3.8% Belarusians, 1.7% Ukrainians, 0.8 % Jews, 0.2% Tatars, 0.1% Latvians, 0.1% Armenians and 2.9 % other.

Crime Statistics

In the year 2005 2.317 crime in Žirmunai were registered. Thus Žirmunai has the most crimes in Vilnius behind the old town and Naujamiestis. According to the population census (2001 ), this would be about 48.9 crimes per 1000 population per year. In terms of crime density, 406.5 crimes per 1 sq. km were registered.

Thanks to the program " Safe city " of the Vilnius City Municipality are the crime rates in Žirmunai how, declined in all other parts of the city of Vilnius. For example, 886 crimes in Žirmunai were registered in the first four months of 2005, compared with 2006, when only 672 crimes have taken place during the same period, representing a decrease of approximately 24%.

The most common crimes registered in the first four months of 2006 were:

• Theft (335 cases, including 19 car thefts )
• Rape (259 cases)
• Robbery ( 44 cases )
• Injury (20 cases)

History

Žirmunai comprises three historical suburbs of Vilnius: Žvejai, Tuskulėnai and Šiaurės miestelis.

14th century - 19th century

In the fishing village Žvejai, which was settled in the late 14th century, the only glass factory stood in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. 1563, after the construction of the first bridge over the Neris (now Mindaugo Tiltas ) Žvejai was an integral part of the city of Vilnius.

The largest and oldest Jewish cemetery in Lithuania in 1592 also was in Žvejai. The cemetery was Shnipishok (now Snipiskes ) named. Although the cemetery was officially closed in 1830, there were more burials.

Under the rule of the Russian Empire in the 19th century the manor Tuskulėnai was occupied by various noble families and high-ranking state officials. In the mid-19th century, the mansion was a guest house that became a cultural center in Vilnius.

The area surrounding the mansion was called Tuskulėnai (Russian: Tuskuljany; Polish: Tuskulanum ).

A military occupation was by the Russian Empire in the 19th century in Šiaurės miestelis: busy ( Northern German village).

20th century

In the interwar period, when Vilnius was under Polish control, the southern part of Žvejai Pióromont was called. The entire area was as Žvejai or as Rybaki (Polish: Fischer) called.

A map of Vilnius, which was published in 1942, while the city under Nazi rule was, shows the northern part of Žirmunai as Paneriškės, the middle section of Kareiviškės ("place of the soldier " ) and the southern part, near the mansion Tuskulėnai when Mantiškės.

The Old Jewish Cemetery in Žvejai was an expansion in the way. Many grave stones were destroyed in 1950 during the construction of Zalgiris Stadium. The cemetery was demolished in 1955. The body of the Vilna Gaon and several members of his family were resettled. The cemetery was the subject of an archaeological investigation in the late 1990s. A memorial stone was laid in the southeastern part of the former cemetery with an inscription in Yiddish and Lithuanian, which states that the cemetery was erected in 1478 ( the date is still disputed).

21st Century

Due to the Soviet principles of urban planning, Žirmunai had after the 2001 census, one of the lowest proportions of single-family homes in the city ( 0.1%). Of the remaining residents, 0.4% live in homes, 0.7 % in hostels, and nearly 99 % in apartments ..

Šiaurės miestelis, part of Žirmunai grew rapidly and is today one of the most sought-after residential and commercial areas in Vilnius.

Many of the military structures that were built in the late 19th century in Šiaurės miestelis, have been preserved and were thus restored. Meanwhile, many buildings that did not stand up during the Soviet times been demolished to make room for new roads and dwellings emerged.

Facilities

Parks and Museums

The mansion Tuskulėnai is the oldest surviving architectural structure in Žirmunai. The mansion was built in 1825, after a design by Karol Podczaszyński in the neoclassical style. It consists of a main building, a warehouse and several adjacent buildings, including a small chapel, St. Theresa, which is about 100 meters south of the main building is located .. All of these structures have been restored to 2009, and are part of the 7, 5 -acre Tuskulėnų rimties parkas.

A museum was opened in the computer Žirmunai from software companies Syntagma UAB in 2001 and presents the history of the Lithuanian computer science and hardware production. The museum has exhibits such as the EV -80, the first Soviet computing machine that was manufactured by Sigma.

Sports and entertainment

Major sports facilities are in Žirmunai mainly the Zalgiris Stadium, which is the largest stadium in Lithuania. In the summer you can row on the river Neris. A part of the route of the annual international Vilniaus maratonas runs along the banks of the Neris River in Žirmunai.

Gewerblichs and industrial plants

8.7% of all businesses in Vilnius, can be found in Žirmunai. The seat of TELE2, one of the mobile communication operator in Lithuania, one finds there.

The Rimi Hypermarket in Šiaurės miestelis, one of the biggest shopping centers in Vilnius. In Žirmunai there are many car dealers, including some of Opel, Saab, Chevrolet and Nissan.

Traffic

Žirmunai is good from the traffic network in Vilnius passable. Many buses and trolley buses to Žirmunai. The bus depot of transport Nehms UAB Vilniaus viešasis transportas is Žirmunai.