Zwischenahner Meer
The third largest lake in Lower Saxony
The Zwischenahner Sea is a lake in the town of Bad Zwischenahn in Ammerland district in Lower Saxony. It is located between the main town Bad Zwischenahn in the south and the village of Three Mountains to the north. The lake is also called the Pearl of the Ammer country rarer than Elmendorfer sea.
Size
With a water area of 5.5 km ² (550 ha ) is the sea Zwischenahner after Steinhude and Dumber is the third largest lake in Lower Saxony. The north-south diameter is 2.8 km, the east-west diameter of about 2 kilometers. It has a circumference of 11 kilometers. The average water depth is 3.3 meters, the deepest place above a sludge layer is about 5.5 to 6.0 meters. The digested sludge layer has a thickness of about 4-6 meters. The level is located at 5 m above sea level. NN.
Formation
The Zwischenahner located above a salt dome as a remnant of the Zechstein Sea from the era of the Permian about 250 million years. It arose from the fact that there was a collapse of the salt dome and the overlying cap rock by Salza Blue admixtures of groundwater. In the cavity formed in this way was formed the Zwischenahner sea. Further examples for damages caused by sinkholes waters are the Sager sea, the Maujahn Moor, the Arendsee and Seeburger lake. Characteristic of these lakes is a great depth in relation to the diameter. The Zwischenahner sea is quite shallow, however, and appears rather atypical. On Zwischenahner and Rostruper on shore, however, can prove steeper edges. However, they are heavily blurred by the mighty sludge layer.
In 1949, for the detection of a salt dome drilling carried out, the result was a map with the location of the located below the sea salt dome. Thus, this salt dome belongs to a salt line, stretching from Delmenhorst empty and Jemgum up to Bunde.
With the proof of Seeentstehung as Erdfallsee was started in 1956 by the State Museum of Natural History and Prehistory a model of Zwischenahn created that represented the surface of the sludge filling and the mineral lake bottom using a double relief. By transparentizing the sludge layer in this model which are typical for a Erdfallsee steep edges were highlighted.
The apex of the salt dome is believed about 300 meters below the lake and is covered with clayey layers. These layers ensured that caused by the Subrosionen no typical Grikes, but a less deep, more -dimensional reduction, but with significant steep edges.
Through holes in the digested sludge deposits ( also Mudde or Gyttja called ), there were pollen finds that about 12,000 years ago show the emergence ( end of the Weichsel glaciation in eastern Germany, in the region as a cold periglacial steppe pronounced ).
Flora
Almost more consistently the shore of the lake with reeds ( Reith, Reet ) is covered. Today, the width of this reed belt around 8-10 meters as opposed to earlier, when there were times 200 meters. The congestion of the sea with boat traffic caused a decline in the reed vegetation and the formation of gaps in the belt. To counter this, the private use of motor boats is totally prohibited on the lake and the number of web users has been significantly restricted. A landscaped around the sea ring channel also ensures that sewage water from the surrounding communities is no longer introduced into the lake, which would have led to a further eutrophication.
Often located on the banks of cattails, also called Lampenputzer that are even included in the coat of arms of Bad Zwischenahn. In summer the marsh ragwort is defined by its yellow flowers. Near the shore grow yellow water lily (Nuphar lutea), white water lily (Nymphaea alba), flowering rush, bur reed, Purple Loosestrife and Eupatorium.
Past, the lake was home to numerous floristic rarities, but they are now gone with the increasing eutrophication. These included:
- Grass - leaved pondweed ( Potamogeton gramineus )
- Lesser Water ( Baldellia ranunculoides )
- Beach Ling ( Littorella uniflora )
- Swamp Lily ( Calla palustris)
- Water spring ( Hottonia palustris)
- Ordinary water bladderwort (Utricularia vulgaris)
Fauna
The riparian zone provides habitat for many native bird species. Here you will find among other things, teal, mallard, coot, moorhen, the bittern, the kingfisher, the gray heron, osprey, and laughter, storm and herring gull.
Of fish, the lake is especially populated ( or occupied ) by eel, carp, perch, bream, pike, perch, tench, roach and catfish.
Economy
While the southern, western and northern shores are built, the eastern shore of the lake is barely tapped.
On the lake is fished mainly by eels as smoked eel smoked represent one of the culinary specialties of the region. In the networks but also go mitten crabs and carp.
From April to October a ferry company combines the key points on the lake. This commercial ferry service was established in 1874 as the first engine-driven iron ship was put into service by a businessman from three mountains. It bore the name of Puck. After two years of driving time went under this built on the Weser River steamer. He was replaced in 1876 by the 110 passengers comprehensive Dreibergen.
Currently operate four passenger ships known as the " White Fleet " on the Zwischenahner. On a ship civil ceremonies are permitted. The radio presenter Lutz Ackermann has a description of the attractions added to this ship on the shore, which is played during the trip.
Sports
At the lake there are four sailing clubs, of which about 300 boats and many windsurfers the lake is busy. In addition, located at Zwischenahner the only sailing school in the German Youth Hostel Association. Is known of the lake for his idiosyncratic thermals, which can be described as very gusty. Motor boats are prohibited. Except for police boats, commercial passenger shipping, search and rescue boats and fishing vessels.
Also popular is the fishing. Every year suspended for about 10,000 euros young fish to allow the anglers their sport. Upon presentation of a valid annual fishing license required for sport fishing fishing license is to get at the spa.
Legends
Emergence of Zwischenahn
According to a North German legend, the origins of the lake is a work of the devil ( Düwelswark ). Accordingly, the devil tried to stop a church in Oldenburg and destroy them. Near Zwischenahn he tore out a large piece of wood, and flew in the direction of Oldenburg, in order to meet the church. On the way to the Oldenburg Düwel was but three crowing roosters so messed up that he lost his way. Shortly before the city limits, he dropped the torn forest. At this point emerged as the Small and Large Wildenloh, on sandy ground growing forests. The point at which the forest was torn out, today is the Zwischenahner.
Big Catfish
Since the late 1970s and early 1980s, circulating the legend of a giant catfish with 3.50 meters in length, shall live in the lake. He is compared to the Loch Ness monster, with which he has in common is that nobody got it until today to face. But since the legend is a tourist attraction, the catfish a bronze statue was dedicated on the market square of Bad Zwischenahn.