Abdul-Qadir Gilani

ʿ Abd al - al - Jilani Qādir (Arabic عبد القادر الجيلاني, DMG ʿ Abd al - Qādir al - Ǧīlānī, sometimes with the Nisba al - Arab Dschīlī الجيلي or Gilani گیلانی Persian, or Kurdish Evdilqadirê Geylani, 1077 * / 8 in the province of Gilan, † 1166 in Baghdad ) was a hanbalitischer scholar, preacher and Sufi, on the Qadiriya Medal is returned. He is related to the well -known Sufi Ahmed Rifai, whose Rifai Order works closely with the Qadiri. Against the common assumption that he was a Kurd, the religious title ' Seyyid ' ( Hussain ibn Ali descendant of ) and ' sharif ' ( descendant of Hasan ibn Ali ) are given. As Hussain and Hasan were both sons of Imam Ali, his Arab origin is thus attributed.

Life

ʿ Abd al - al - Jilani Qādir traveled at the age of 18 years to Baghdad in order to deepen its traditional Islamic education. He studied there hanbalitisches Fiqh Ibn ʿ Aqil and Abū Sa ʿ d al - Mubarak al - Mucharrimī, literature at Abu Zakariya and the hadith literature at Bakr al - Muzaffar.

Al- Mucharrimī was also a Sufi and awarded him the Chirqa, the Sufi patchwork skirt. ʿ Abd al - Qādir also had another Sufi master named Hammad ad - Dabbas, who died around 1131. Later he gave himself two other Hanbali scholars the Sufi Chirqa, namely the two brothers Abū ʿ Umar Ibn Qudama (d. 1210) and Muwaffaq ad -Din Ibn Qudama (d. 1223 ).

Works

• Futuh al - Gaib, collection of 78 sermons, translated by Walter Brown. Berlin [ inter alia ]: de Gruyter, 1933.

Worship

It is narrated that 'Abd al - al - Jilani Qādir by his sermons drew such a crowd that he had to speak in the open air to her because no building was large enough. Its possibly the most notable features were tolerance and charity. For example, one finds in any of his literary works also just a word of hostility towards Christianity. In general, the followers of Abd al - Qādir al - Dschīlānīs apply even to the present day as an extremely tolerant and progressive, although located near the orthodoxy, but far from fanaticism, whether religious or political nature

Abd al - Qādir al - Dschīlānīs fame was very great. He is Muhyi ud- din ( reviver of the religion) called, because due to a legend, he helped one day a weak and miserable person on which he found completely exhausted by the roadside, and provided them with an additional meal. The then regain strength Come revealed to him that he was " the religion of Islam " is, which came Abd al- al - Jilani Qādir to this honorable name.

His admirers give him the title al - al -A ʿ zam Ghauth ( " the Supreme Help") and Sultan al - Awliya ( " Sultan of the saints" ). Ibn Taymiyya also held ʿ Abd al - Qādir in honor and wrote a commentary on his collection of sermons Futuh al - Gaib.

Tomb

His grave in Baghdad is today a highly frequented pilgrimage pious Sufis who come mainly from the Indo -Pakistan region. The pilgrims who often stay there for weeks go silently with a small broom and clean around the sanctuary. It is considered a highly meritorious work to sweep the threshold of a saint.