Acidobacteria
Acidobacteriales
- Acidobacterium capsulatum
- Holophaga foetida
- Terri globe roseus
- Chloracidobacterium thermophilum
- Bryobacter aggregatus
- Edaphobacter modestus
- Edaphobacter aggregans
- Acanthopleuribacter pedis
- Granulicella paludicola
- Granulicella pectinivorans
- Granulicella aggregans
- Granulicella rosea
The group of Acidobakterien forms of bacteria within a separate phylum. So they are related neither to the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, or other groups of bacteria.
The eponymous organism for this phylum, Acidobacterium capsulatum, was first isolated in 1991 from acid mine wastewater in Japan (lat. acidus: "sour" ) and recognized its specificity in the phylogenetic position. Other types of bacteria, which are also counted among the Acidobacteria, Holophaga foetida, Geothrix fermentans, Terri globe roseus, Granulicella paludicola, G. pectinivorans, G. aggregans, G. rosea, Edaphobacter modestus, E. aggregans, Acanthopleuribacter pedis and Chloracidobacterium are thermophilum. In addition to these organisms can be in the scientific literature references to the fact that there exist other isolates, which have so far not described further.
The previously small number of isolated representatives of Acidobakterien under laboratory conditions is offset by a large number of 16S rDNA sequences. In 2007, included the public gene databases over 3000 different Acidobakterium sequences. Results of the first studies on the phylogeny of Acidobakterien were still four to five subgroups within the phylum. With growing number of sequences from different biomes is now assumed that at least 26 subgroups. Overall, the phylum in its phylogenetic variability is comparable to the phylum Proteobacteria.
Occurrence
Acidobakterien have been demonstrated in a variety of different ecosystems. In soils they make it often the majority of the bacteria. Thus, for molecular-biological studies of the percentage of soils in Arizona Acidobakterien was in total bacterial population in 50% and in alpine soil at about 40 %. From soil, water and sediment samples isolated DNA fragments show that Acidobakterien are widespread. Acidobakterien are therefore probably extremely diverse and play an important role in the microbially mediated metabolism in nature.
Metabolism
The large phylogenetic variance of Acidobakterien which is comparable with the Proteobacteria, suggests an equally large variability in metabolism. Although to date, only a few Acidobakterien in culture with a larger number of data on the metabolism before, yet the presumed large variability of the Acidobakterien appears from these few data to confirm. Acidobacterium capsulatum grows slowly and at low nutrient concentrations, he prefers oligotrophic conditions. Recent studies suggest that at least some Acidobakterien can live methylotroph.
Swell
- Acidobakterien
- Acidobacteria