Adolf III of Holstein

Adolf III, Edler von Schauenburg and Count of Holstein and Stormarn. (* 1160, † January 3, 1225 ) from the House of Schauenburger was the founder of a trade and market settlement on the western banks of the Alster.

Life

Adolf III. was the only son of Count Adolf II ( Schauenburg and Holstein) and his wife Mechthild von Schwarzburg- Käfernburg, a daughter of Count Sizzo III. of Schwarzburg- Käfernburg. He was a cousin of Adolf I of Dassel.

Adolf III. succeeded his father in 1164 in the county initially under the tutelage of his mother. He was a pillar of the Guelph Duke Henry the Lion, accompanied him on the campaign against Philip I of Heinberg, the Archbishop of Cologne, the battle turned on his Haler field on August 1, 1180 (northwest of Osnabrück ) on the side of Count Bernhard I of Ratzeburg with, and then got the decisive rights in the Middle Weser region of Henry the Lion, who were called to the base of the reign Schauenburg, since 1295 the county.

1180 was Adolf III. by Henry the Lion, whereupon this drove him from Holstein. Adolf III. struck himself on the side of Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, by which he restored his rule in 1181 after the fall of Henry the Lion. With the privilege Barbarossa in 1188, however, Frederick I circumcised the claim Adolf III. to the city of Lübeck. Adolf III. accompanied Barbarossa in 1189 at the Third Crusade to the Holy Land. In August 1190 it reached as Tyre, from where he left the crusade army and returned by sea to Holstein to face the returning from exile Henry to defend his country again the lion. In 1196 he went again to the Holy Land, this time with the crusade of Henry VI. ; he came back in 1198.

In the reign of Adolf III. drops the attempt of expansion under King Canute VI of Denmark. and his brother and successor Waldemar II. This expansion was after Adolf III. 1201 had lost the battle of Stellau and was captured later in Hamburg by Valdemar II, successfully for several decades. After his capture Adolf renounced III. 1203 the County Holstein and Stormarn and withdrew into the reign Look castle in order to thus buy the release from captivity. Only his son Adolf IV regained control over Holstein.

Around the year 1224 renounced Count Adolf III. at the request of the Bishop of Minden, Konrad I of Rüdenberg on his bailiwick union rights to the goods of the monastery church Wennigsen. This document is also the first written document of the monastery and one of the first written records of the place Wennigsen ( Deister).

Marriage and issue

Count Adolf III. and then was married since 1182 with Adelheid von Assel († December 25, 1185 ) from 1189 with Adelheid of cross- ford († 1210 ).

With the latter he had six children:

  • Adolf IV ( * before 1205, † 1261 )
  • Konrad ( † 1237/38 )
  • Bruno of Castle († 1281 ), provost of Hamburg, Bishop of Olomouc in Moravia
  • Mechthilde († 1264 ) ∞ Otto I of Tecklenburg
  • Margarete ∞ John I of Adensen
Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein Adolf II of Holstein Philip I (archbishop of Cologne) Crusade of 1197 County of Schaumburg Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Detlev von Liliencron Integrated Authority File
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