Anacyclus
Lobe Bertram ( Anacyclus clavatus )
Bertram ( Anacyclus ), also ring flower ring or cup called, is a genus of flowering plants from the sunflower family ( Asteraceae).
Description
Bertram species grow as branched, usually erect, sometimes hanging up lying, usually one year, only Anacyclus pyrethrum as a perennial, herbaceous plants. The leaves are alternate and mostly distributed on the stem or rarely focused initially arranged in a basal rosette. The leaves are petiolate or sessile and usually one to three parts fiederteilig. The leaf blades are usually flat and herbaceous; only Anacyclus linearilobus they are fleshy. The leaf blades can be intense hairy, while only simple hairs ( trichomes ) occur, to be hairless.
Rarely individually ( Anacyclus nigellifolius ) or usually in branched, zymösen total inflorescences stand together some or many, each with a bract, stalked basket- shaped individual inflorescences. In several series, the brown or brownish- green bracts stand together. The inflorescence soils are shallow or very short conical. There are always chaff leaves present. The flower baskets usually contain a series of ray florets ( ray florets ) and getting many tubular flowers ( disc florets ). The ray florets are usually female; in some species only a few ray florets are reduced and partially concealed by the bracts. The petals of the ray flowers are usually white to off - white, and in some species, as an important Artmerkmal, with purple stripes on the bottom. In Anacyclus monanthos and Anacyclus homogamos all flowers are hermaphrodite. The hermaphrodite, fertile florets have pale to bright yellow Kronröhren.
The most flattened achenes have two wing-like edges that are fully trained to thorn -like ( Anacyclus monanthos ) may be frayed. A pappus is missing ( for example, in Anacyclus pyrethrum ) or if present, then it may consist of a narrow crown or scales that go into the wing-like edges of the achene.
Dissemination
The genus Anacyclus in the Mediterranean is common, especially from North Africa to the Middle East and Turkey.
System
The genus name Anacyclus was first published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 2, 892. Type species is L. Anacyclus valentinus.
There are about eight to 13 Anacyclus species:
- Anacyclus anatolicus Behçet & Almanar: The home is Turkey.
- Anacyclus ciliatus Trautv. , Occurs in Azerbaijan and Georgia
- Lobe Bertram ( Anacyclus clavatus ( Desf. ) Pers. ), Occurs in the Mediterranean region
- Anacyclus homogamos ( Maire ) Humphries, is found only in Spain, France and North Africa
- Anacyclus inconstans Pomel, occurs only in Algeria and in Morocco
- Anacyclus latealatus Hub. -Mor. , Occurs only in Asia Minor
- Anacyclus linearilobus Boiss. & Reut. , Occurs only in Algeria
- Anacyclus maroccanus (Ball) Ball, an endemic of Morocco
- Anacyclus monanthos (L.) Thell. , Occurs only in North Africa
- Anacyclus nigellifolius Boiss., Is found in the Near East
- Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Link ( syn.. Anacyclus freynii Willk, Anacyclus officinarum Hayne ), arrives in Spain, North Africa and naturalized in France before: Roman Bertram ( Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Link var pyrethrum )
- Morocco - Bertram ( Anacyclus pyrethrum var depressus (Ball) Maire, Syn: Anacyclus depressus Ball): The home is Algeria and Morocco.
The German Bertram ( Anacyclus officinarum Hayne ) was possibly a descendant of the Multiannual annuals Bertram.
- Yellow Bertram ( Anacyclus radiatus Loisel. ), Comes in the Mediterranean prior
- Anacyclus valentinus L., occurs in the Mediterranean region
No longer belongs to the genus:
- Anacyclus australis Sieber ex Spreng. Cotula australis → ( Sieber ex Spreng. ) Hook. f
Use
Of pyrethrum Anacyclus medical effects have been investigated. Few species are used as ornamental plants. Some as a spice; They find, for example, in the Villach Kirchtagssuppe soup use.
Swell
- Christopher John Humphries: Cytogenetic and cladistic studies in Anacyclus (Compositae: Anthemideae ), in Nordic Journal of Botany, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2008 p 83-96.
- Christopher John Humphries: A revision of the genus Anacyclus L. (Compositae: Anthemideae ), in Bulletin of the British Museum ( Natural History ), Botany Series, Volume 7, no.. 3, 1979, pp. 83-142.