Andreas Musculus
Andreas Musculus (also: Andreas Meusel, born November 29, 1514 Snow Mountain, † September 29, 1581 in Frankfurt ( Oder) ) was a Protestant theologian and reformer.
Life
He attended the standing under Hieronymus Weller Latin school of his native town and went in the summer semester 1531 at the University of Leipzig, where he received the degree of bachelor after three years. After he had spent some years as a private tutor, he went to Wittenberg in 1538 to be trained to theologians.
At the University of Wittenberg, he earned his master's degree and in 1541 recommended by his brother, the reformer Johannes Agricola, to the University of Frankfurt ( Oder). Since Alexander Alesius Frankfurt left, there is no doctor of theology was no longer present, and the Elector called 1546 Konrad Cordatus from Stendal to come to Frankfurt to graduate musculus and Johann Liidecke.
Cordatus came to pass while on the trip, but fell ill and died on the way. Instead of him, Theodor Fabricius came from Zerbst in the gap. Meanwhile musculus, his colleagues Liidecke started to attack his teacher Philipp Melanchthon and the Wittenberg theologians. Liidecke came to Stendal, muscle moved on to full professor and was long the only theologian in Frankfurt. After Agricola's death he was general superintendent of the Mark Brandenburg.
He lay his life always with someone in the dispute; with Liidecke, with Francesco Stancaro, who came from Königsberg ( Prussia ) to Frankfurt, with the renegade Friedrich Staphylus, most recently with Abdias Praetorius, who took the position of Philipp Melanchthon on the question of good works. This last argument swayed back and forth for years. After the death of Agricola musculus was the theological leadership to the marrow. In sharp, he turned against the Philippists and accordingly against Calvinism.
In his last years he worked at the Brandenburg Corpus doctrinae and also at the final version of the Formula Concordiae. His country Mr. Joachim II showed him great confidence and supported the often overzealous, passionate preacher and church leaders.
For the Protestant piety and church music were his formative prayer books Precationes ex veteribus orthodoxis doctoribus and Betbüchlein of 1559, which made the tradition of pseudo -Augustinian meditations in Lutheranism at home and learned many editions. Heinrich Schütz was taken from the Latin version almost half of the texts for his Cantiones sacrae ( 1625), as well as Dietrich Buxtehude for his works.
In his books, he criticized the devil bad habits and corruptions of the time, which you could find in everyday life. Although muscle was not the first author of a book devil, yet he has fired his works the fashion these mostly written by Lutheran pastors writings in the 50s and 60s of the 16th century. His vicious books were great sales success and were reissued by various printers several times in quick succession. In the Pant Devil, he complains about the fashion of the Pluder and bloomers. For this work he was inspired by a public event. On a Sunday in 1555, a colleague of muscle in the church at Frankfurt on the Oder had held a sermon against the reprehensible clothing Pants and exhorted the audience to fight this outrageous fashion. The next Sunday hung - to the great annoyance of musculus - opposite the pulpit in the church a harem, which ( especially like the harem pants were worn by young people ) had been nailed there, probably by a student. Then musculus wrote an impressive sermon, which has been printed in the same year: the Pant Devil.
In his 1556 published marriage hell he denounces the vices with which the spouses give each other a hard time and destroy the peace marriage. In addition, within this genre of musculus date back a curse Devil ( 1556 ) and a general work on The Devil's tyranny ( 1561).