Artemisia campestris
Field wormwood (Artemisia campestris )
The field wormwood (Artemisia campestris ) is a plant from the sunflower family ( Asteraceae).
Features
The Field Wormwood is a perennial plant with a very woody rootstock, which forms many sterile leaf rosettes and flower stems. The plants reach growth height of 20 to 80 ( often 10 to 150 ) centimeters. They are prostrate to ascending. The rungs are bald or hairy and silky tomentose to almost odorless.
Young leaves are hairy silky but are subsequently bald. The stalked basal leaves are two to three times irregularly pinnately lobed. The leaves bear one millimeter wide and long stachelspitzige tip. At flowering, the leaves wilt not. The lower stem leaves have a stalk at the base geöhrten and are two to three times pinnately divided. The upper stem leaves are sessile and partly undivided.
The inflorescence is loose and sparrig. The heads are often arranged einseitswendig. They are short-stalked, upright or upstanding and rarely nodding. The bowl is 2 to 3 (rarely to 8 ) mm long. Its shape is spherical to oblong- ovate; the bracts are ovate, glabrous outside and green or red often crowded and have a skin edge. The bottom head is bald. The ray florets are female and fertile; the inner tubular flowers are hermaphroditic, with the innermost are often sterile. The corolla is yellow or reddish to reddish brown.
Ecology
The Field Wormwood is an evergreen Chamaephyt. It is adapted to drought by up to 1.5 m deep root systems.
The flowers are pollinated by the wind, but also insect pollination to occur. Bloom time is from August to October.
The fruits are Schirmchenflieger with the permanent perianth as a flying machine. In addition Klebausbreitung takes place through the verschleimende in moisture pericarp. Fruit ripening is from August to September.
Dissemination
The field mugwort is found in Europe and western Asia. He has a temperate to meridional rates, sub-continental area. It grows in dry grasslands on dry, sandy waste places and on dunes. Other populations occur in upper montane to alpine dwarf shrubs before and nude reed grass.
System
Artemisia campestris was first described in 1753 by Carolus Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, Volume 2, page 846. Are synonyms for Artemisia campestris Artemisia caudata Michx. , Artemisia dniproica Klokov, Artemisia odoratissima Desf. , Artemisia sosnovskyi Novopokr. and Artemisia lish ernie peruviana better.
The field Mugwort is a form rich collective species whose subgroups are classified partly as a species, subspecies or varieties. The Schmeil - hinge plates (2001/2002) performs the following subspecies:
- Artemisia campestris subsp. alpina: The distribution ranges after Schmeil - hinge plates from Switzerland to the Styria; in Fischer this subspecies is mentioned in note to Artemisia borealis as taxonomically unclear clan between Artemisia campestris and Artemisia borealis.
- Artemisia campestris subsp. borealis HMHall & Clem. Fischer In this subspecies as Artemisia borealis Pall is. performed. They settled dwarf shrub heath of the Hohe Tauern.
- Artemisia campestris subsp. campestris: For fishermen this subspecies as Artemisia campestris is s.str. cited. They inhabited dry grassland and rocky steppes. The Austrian deposits are in the Pannonian Basin and often otherwise rare. It is found in all Bdundesländern except in Vorarlberg, where this subspecies is considered extinct. The variety Artemisia campestris var campestris has bald leaves.
- Artemisia campestris subsp. lednicensis ( Spreng. ) Greuter & Raab - Straube: The circulation area are grass steppe and dry slopes in the southern part of Germany. When fishing the variety Artemisia campestris var lednicensis is described with densely silky - tomentose leaves.
- Artemisia campestris subsp. sericea Lemke & Rothm. , the home is the Baltic coast. When fishing this subspecies is as a synonym for Artemisia campestris var lednicensis considered.
Trivial names
In the German-speaking area or have been for this species, some only regionally, even the trivial name Ambrosia cabbage, red wormwood, broom herb field But Rice, Field Bereis and small bar Wurz used.