Asosa
10.06666666666734.516666666667Koordinaten: 10 ° 4 ' N, 34 ° 31' O
Asosa (also Assosa or Asossa; Ethiopic script: አሶሳ ) is a city in Ethiopia, with more than 20,000 inhabitants. It is located 450 km west of Addis Ababa, on the border of Sudan and is the capital of the Benishangul Gumuz region. Within this region it belongs to the Woreda in Asosa Asosa zone of the same name.
The city lies at an altitude of 1570 m and has an airstrip with ICAO as IATA code HASO.
Population
In the census of 2005 20.226 inhabitants were counted.
According to the census of 1994, of 11,749 inhabitants, 41.19 % Oromo, Amhara 29.93 %, 17.39 % Berta ( Jebelawi ), Tigray 5.43%, 1.35 Sebat -bet Gurage (1.35 %) and 1.29% Silt'e, the remaining 3.42% belong to other ethnic groups. 44.42 % of the population spoke Oromo as their native language, Amharic 31.53 %, 15.98 % Berta, 4.43% and 3.64 % Tigrinya other languages. 54.92 % were Ethiopian Orthodox Christians, 29, 75 % were Muslims and 14.89% Protestants.
History
Asosa was founded in the late 19th century by Sheikh h ʷ āǧalī al - Ḥasan. This was a descendent of Arab- Sudanese groups of traders and preachers ( the waṭāwiṭ ), who had come to the area in the first quarter of the 19th century to trade in gold and slaves.
After the Ethiopian conquest of today's Benishangul Gumuz 1898 Asosa was the political and economic center, it was closely associated with the Ethiopian central government and supplied these to the mid-1930s on a large scale with gold and slaves. The local population of Berta and waṭāwiṭ groups along the border with Sudan was hard hit by slave raids forced labor in the gold fields and recruitment for the military by the ruling waṭāwiṭ families.
During the Italian occupation of 1936-1941 Asosa was the capital of the Commissariat Benishangul or Beni Sciangùl, at this time it had a significant market, a post office, telegraph, hospital and an airport. On May 11, 1941 captured a Belgian contingent of Belgian Congo Asosa of the Italian Tenth Brigade, with 1500 Italians were taken prisoner and the other deserted or were scattered.
Under the Derg regime that ruled Ethiopia from 1974, were mainly mid-1980s, approximately 60,000 of drought and famine affected peasants from the highlands, mostly from the province of Wollo, moved to the area from Asosa. Back in 1979, here is the first major resettlement program in the west of the country had begun. For this purpose, the local population had to leave the country and work for free in the construction of the new facilities. This was also one of the few areas where the forced collectivization of agriculture was implemented.
In the final phase of the Derg regime Asosa was heavily damaged during military operations and conquer attempts by various resistance movements. The Eritrean EPLF came from their original territory far to the southward, in order to weaken the central government, and handed the Benishangul - conquered territory in January 1990, the Oromo Liberation Front OLF. These enjoyed here, however, contrary to expectations, only little support from the population and Asosa could only hold for two months under their control; When retreating they burned the hospital down newly built, destroyed the single generator of the city and stole 1.8 million Birr from the local bank. The government army fought the OLF with air strikes that killed 19 people in the city and 20 were injured. The SPLA from South Sudan was involved in the fighting around Asosa.
After 1991 Asosa Benishangul - Gumuz regional capital, which was formed under the new administrative division of Ethiopia was.
Swell
- Place in Benishangul Gumuz
- Place in Africa