Berlin Northern Railway
The Berlin Northern Railway is a 223 km long main railway from Berlin via Neustrelitz and Neubrandenburg to Stralsund. Between Hohen Neuendorf and Neustrelitz the route of the mainline is double track and electrified, north of it single track and electrified. From Hohen Neuendorf to Oranienburg are four tracks, two of which are used by the S- Bahn Berlin. In Berlin, the route is only for the S -Bahn, the rest of the traffic to the north is then passed through two connecting curves in Hohen Neuendorf and birch Werder on the Berlin Stettin on the northern railway track on the Berlin outer ring.
History
Construction and commissioning
In the year 1844, Stralsund merchants and entrepreneurs joined the "Association for obtaining a railway from Berlin to Stralsund Neu- Strelitz " together and brought out a memorandum to a Berlin- Stralsund railway. The association raised for it also large financial resources. These efforts failed first at the relevant Prussian Ministry, which is still refused the project in the 1840s and 1850s. In 1863, first a branch line from the Berlin- Szczecin railway over Prenzlau, Anklam and Greifswald to Stralsund was performed with the Angermuende - Stralsund railway where arrived the first coming from Angermuende train at the newly built railway station on 26 October 1863.
Then the Stralsund tried with a now newly founded Berlin North Railway Company continues to provide a direct connection to Berlin and put 1869 draft to a railway line Berlin - Neustrelitz - Stralsund - Arkona ago. In 1870, finally, the concessions of the states Prussia and Mecklenburg -Strelitz were for granted. On January 1, 1878 then the operation could be included on the new Berlin Northern Railway as the terminus of Stralsund.
For financial reasons, this company had to terminate on December 15, 1875. The Prussian state acquired the unfinished track and transferred the further construction of the Directorate of Niederschlesisch - Märkischen railroad.
The line was opened in three stages:
In the first months of traffic from Gesundbrunnen was first performed on the ring road further to the freight depot of the Lower Silesian - Märkischen web. As of October 1, 1877 went for freight then the former North Station at Bernauer street corner Schwedter Strasse in the area of today's Wall Park in operation. For passenger transport, the Stettin Station was ( in 1950 renamed North Station ) used on the road disability from December 1, 1877 for a contract with the Berlin- Szczecin railway.
The construction of the Northern Railway had a significant impact on the villages in the catchment area of the railway line: In part, their population multiplied in the following decades. Northern Railway became part of place names ( Glienicke / Northern Railway ) and gave its name Newspapers ( Northern Railway ) messages.
In the last decade of the 19th century, the railway facilities were extensively remodeled in the area of healthy well. During this time, the passenger was removed from the Stettin Station from 1892 to 1898 and prepared by the then North Station for passenger trains. For the transfer traffic to ring railway served during this time, a temporary station Gesundbrunnen ( Northern Railway ) east of the station healthy well.
Electrical suburb operation after 1900
In Oranienburg was next to the passage route a 1.76 km long oval ring line on which an electric operating with the top line and alternating current of 6.3 kV and 25 Hz was studied in continuous wear operation from 1907 to 1913.
By 1912, separate suburb tracks between healthy well and Frohnau were from remote tracks built. At the same time, the track was laid on an embankment to avoid lying in the street level crossings. Gradual to 1926 was followed by the section Frohnau - Borgdorf. In this context, the stations Stolpe and Hohen Neuendorf were merged, the new station Hohen Neuendorf was a little further south of the old station.
In 1925, this segment of the Gesundbrunnen over which the suburban ran for laying until Oranienburg electrified with the DC system of the later Berlin S-Bahn.
After the Second World War
In the summer of 1945 was removed the second mainline track of the Northern Railway as part of the demo days after the end of World War II, as the second S-Bahn track north of the station Wilhelmsruh to Borgdorf.
Since 1950 the Stettin Station now called North Station, the former North Station had to be renamed. Although he was on West Berlin territory in the former Wedding district, but was named after the nearby in East Berlin Eberswalde road. He remained still for freight transport in operation. With the closure of the Stettin station of passenger trains was set at the Berlin part of the Northern Railway timetable change on 18 May 1952.
With the construction of the Wall on 13 August 1961 ended the continuous electric tram operation, the distance between Frohnau and Hohen Neuendorf was interrupted. Immediately after the Wall was built, there were several months of Brandenburger side between Oranienburg and Hohen Neuendorf an S -Bahn - alone operation, the first with the expansion and electrification of the Berlin outer ring between Hohen Neuendorf and Blankenburg in November 1961 back to the main network, the S -Bahn has been connected. The S-Bahn operation to Frohnau was continued until the transfer of the operating rights of the S -Bahn in West Berlin of the Deutsche Reichsbahn to BVG on 9 January 1984 at the Berlin area. Then he was hired immediately and resumed on October 1, 1984. When restoration work in 1985, the S- Bahn tracks was partly set in the profile of the old mainline tracks.
1983/1984 the southern part of the Northern Railway was electrified. On June 2, 1984, the contact line from Berlin to Neustrelitz went into operation. The electrification served mainly the traffic on the branching in Neustrelitz route to Rostock. The northern part of Berlin's northern railway was electrified until 1993/94. On May 23, 1993, the electric operation between Neustrelitz and Neubrandenburg, added on May 29, 1994, the total distance to Stralsund.
After 1990
After the turn, especially many smaller railway stations in sparsely populated areas mostly closed (including Düsterförde (1996 ), Alt Strelitz (1995), Neddemin, Randow, Toitz - Rustow ), were partly a substitute bus transport has been established.
In 1992, the gap closure of the S - Bahn tracks between Berlin- Frohnau and Hohen Neuendorf, so again a continuous train operating on the Northern Railway to Oranienburg is possible.
The electronic interlocking controls Waidmannslust Since October 2011, the stretch of the S -Bahn between Berlin- Schönholz and Hohen Neuendorf - each only of these stations. This is the first section, which was converted to the new train control system of the S -Bahn Berlin ( ZBS ).
Strengthening the connection Berlin -Rostock
The section Birkenwerder - Neustrelitz is upgraded as part of the existing network investments to expand the link between Berlin and Rostock for speeds of substantially 160 km / h and for higher axle loads of up to 25 t. The route will be equipped with the European Train Control System ETCS and electronic interlockings. The realization of the entire project with verkehrlich usable intermediate steps is provided by 2013. The total cost for the development of a total of 198 km of lines were specified in 2005 with 838 million euros, 850 million euros in 2012 then. From this, 577 million euros, the federal government, 167 million euros will be applied by the European Regional Development Fund, the rest are own resources of Deutsche Bahn.
In November 2007, the expansion of the first section Lowenberg - Gransee was completed. From March to November 2009, the stretch Dannenwalde - Fürstenberg was expanded. From July 2011 to August 2012, the section between Gransee and Dannenwalde was completely renewed. This construction was possible with single-track operation.
Between September 10, 2012 and 9 June 2013, the section between Oranienburg and Neustrelitz was completely closed in order to make the deep foundation of the route in the swampy ground between wet heath and mountain lions can. 7200 piles with a length of up to 21 m were driven here in the underground. At the same time the section between Fürstenberg and Neustrelitz was expanded and the ground stabilized there with 16,000 vibrated stone columns. 63 km tracks are renewed and rebuilt five electronic interlocking. The single-track re-commissioning was originally scheduled for April 26, 2013, but was delayed on the road sections Nassenheide - Lowenberg and Fürstenberg Neustrelitz until 9 June 2013. At the end of [ deprecated] was intended to restore the duality. In wet heath, Green Mountain and Lion Mountain, new platforms. During the lockout was sought in Oranienburg station after munitions remnants, so that this had to be up on the S -Bahn completely blocked until 26 April 2013. During the refurbishment, the expansion of the stations was postponed. Thus, the distance between Oranienburg and wet heath is only to be restored in 2016 and the expansion of the railway station (tracks, switches and overhead lines ) in Gransee also. The stations Oranienburg, Fürstenberg / Havel and Neustrelitz be according to the current state of planning in the years 2019 - 2021 rebuilt.
Future
In the long term re-opening the direct path from Berlin to Birkenwerder is provided. For this, the mainline tracks of the Northern Railway between the railway station Berlin- Gesundbrunnen Birkenwerder over a distance of 18.8 kilometers will be built double track with a line speed of 160 km / h again, an appointment for this purpose there is but not yet. So far, only the examination of a feasibility study of a single-track expansion was promised. In addition, the Birkenwerder station should receive its own regional platform.
Today's train operations
(As of December 2013) operate at the Berlin section of the route, only the features of the S -Bahn lines S1 to Oranienburg, S 25 and S 85 to Hennigsdorf after Waidmannslust. The line S 8 used from Hohen Neuendorf to Birkenwerder the tracks of the Northern Railway. In Hohen Neuendorf or Birkenwerder compound curves of the mainline from the Berlin outer ring open into the Northern Railway, from there, at the Regional-Express line RE 5 of Rostock or Stralsund to Wittenberg or Falkenberg / Elster and the regional train line RB 20 from Oranienburg to Hennigsdorf / Potsdam. Zehdenick - - Up Lowenberg also the traits of the RB 12 Berlin -Lichtenberg Templin use the route. The RB 12 December 2015 operated by DB Regio and then taken over by the Niederbarnimer railroad. The lines 5 RE and RB 20 are operated by DB Regio. In addition, the section Hohen Neuendorf - Neustrelitz an ICE train pair and InterConnex to and from Rostock and various freight trains.