Bernhard Hoetger

Bernhard Hoetger ( born May 4, 1874 in Horde (now Dortmund- Horde ), † 18 July 1949 in Interlaken ) was a German sculptor, painter and craftsman of Expressionism.

Life

Training and years in Paris

Bernhard Hoetger - son of a blacksmith in Horde - graduated from 1888 to 1892, a stone mason in Detmold with subsequent years of traveling. From 1895 to 1897 Hoetger was the technical director of a workshop for religious art of Franz Goldkuhle in Wiedenbrück. He called this time because of the rough Handwerkertons as his Fron and slave years. After studying at the Dusseldorf Art Academy as a student of Karl Janssen followed from 1900 to 1907, a stay in Paris, where influenced him Maillol and Rodin. Hoetger became the Expressionists by this influence. In the studio by Rodin in 1906 he made the acquaintance of Paula Modersohn- Becker, who could tell him about the Worpswede. Later Hoetger also dealt with the works of Gaudí.

1905 married Bernhard Hoetger and called the concert pianist Helene Natalie Hook ( 1880-1967 ), Lee.

Darmstadt Artists' Colony

1909 Hoetger was appointed to the Darmstadt Artists' Colony and appointed professor. By 1912 Hoetger worked on the construction of the Darmstadt sycamore grove for the third exhibition of the artists' colony on Mathildenhoehe in 1914. Preparations took place in Florence and were mostly destroyed.

Get is the so-called " Platanenhain " a cycle of sculptures, representing the light and dark sides. These are the personifications of good and bad qualities of the people who Hoetger each on either side of a central Buddha figure, the laughing and the sleeping, grouped.

Another element of his work is the " Lion's Gate ", which consists of six stone lions that stand on high brick pedestals; they have been designed by Albin Müller. The lions were implemented in 1926 at the entrance of Park Rose height and stand since 1927 again on brick pillars, according to the draft of Müller.

Additional facilities on the Mathildenhoehe four monumental colored reliefs with the titles "sleep", "Resurrection ", " Spring" and " Summer", large stone vases and a fountain with three female figures that symbolize the water cycle. In niches between plant trellis walls are single figures. A figure in honor of Paula Modersohn -Becker is a lying mother with toddler. Other additions include silver lions and leopards in bronze at the entrance to Platanenhain.

In Darmstadt Bernhard Hoetger was supported by the Wuppertal banker August von der Heydt and by the Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig of Hesse -Darmstadt.

Worpswede

After Bernhard Hoetger had entertained three studios in 1913 Fischerhude near Bremen, he settled, inspired by Paula Modersohn -Becker during the Paris period, 1914 to Worpswede order.

1915 bought Hoetger in the place a house with land, the Fountain Courtyard: The building he built from the spacious and prestigious residential and studio. The park, he also designed with works from his cycle of light and shadow. Pairwise he put on the casts of the title rage, revenge, panther and mountain lion. Hall says, " ... ... concretion of Hoetgers sun longing " can be seen in the design of the " Fountain Court " 1915, which continued in architectural designs. The sculpture The border is a symbol of youth: " ... far below the solar garden raised arm of a young man coming time ... " supports the theory of the sun orientation Hoetgers the reconstruction of the residential building and design of the garden. Important content of religions - - Already in the Darmstadt sycamore grove 1911-1914 Programme, this " sun longing " announces. Hoetger tried to document a composite of elements of different religions and cultures ideological synthesis. Just as Hoetger the sculpture of many eras and styles of artistic processed, it filtered out of the religions and philosophies of the world, what he thought was right out.

The building was renamed in Diedrichshof, now a conference hotel. In the restored Hoetger garden stands next to these figures nor the Laughing Bonze.

After losing the Brunnenhof by fire Bernhard Hoetger built on the southern slope of the mountain Weyer - Over the hill 14 - in the years 1921 to 1922 his second Worpsweder residence. In the walk-in artwork that is aligned exactly to the south, is now the The Creative House. Hoetger created with the materials around a unique building with an unusual atmosphere to this day to be experienced by visitors.

, 1922 Hoetger in Worpswede the war memorial for the First World War, the 18-meter- high brick monument stone from Lower Saxony.

Böttcherstrasse

Bernhard Hoetger made ​​the acquaintance with the Bremen merchant Ludwig Roselius, from which arose the task of his life: the redesign of the Bremer Böttcherstrasse. He was also active as a self-taught architect and created from the eastern side of the small connecting street between market and Weser 1930/31 an expressionist masterpiece - the house Atlantis. Also in Worpswede are the traces of his work to find. In 1915 he created the colossal stone sculpture by Alfred Graf von Waldersee, who grew up in Hanover, at the edge of the Eilenriede and listed building.

After 1933

Like his patron Ludwig Roselius Hoetger sympathized with National Socialism and was a party member. He tried to win the party for its influenced by the nationalist- Nordic idea of ​​world art, which he did not succeed. Since the corresponding speech by Hitler at the Nuremberg Nazi Party in 1936 His work was considered degenerate. Hoetger was expelled from the party. From 1934 he lived in Berlin. In 1943, he fled from there over the Giant Mountains and Upper Bavaria to Switzerland, where he died in 1949.

Honors

• The Hoetgerweg in Bremen Oberneuland was named after him.
• The Bernhard - Hoetger - road or Hoetgerstraße in Osterholz- Beck and Osnabrück desert bear his name.
• A plaque commemorates his studio from 1939 to 1943 in Berlin- Frohnau, Gollanczstraße 40
• On Hoetger farm in Worpswede is The Creative House.

Lion Gate Darmstadt ( joint work with Albin Müller)

Waldersee monument on the edge of Eilenriede in Hanover

Friedrich Ebert Memorial Dortmund- Horde

Youth sculpture " The Day", the Southern Cemetery (Leipzig)

Sculptures by Bernhard Hoetger from the exhibition " Worpswede 1920-1930 " at Fritz Netzel, Worpswede April 1963

Exhibitions

• 2013: Bernhard Hoetger. The plane trees. Artists' Colony Museum, Mathildenhoehe, Darmstadt
• 2013: fascination Nefertiti. Bernhard Hoetger and Egypt. Lower Saxony State Museum Hanover