Bupivacaine
(±)- 1-butyl- N-(2,6 -dimethylphenyl) - 2 - piperidinecarboxamide (IUPAC)
N01BB01
Local anesthetic
107-108 ° C
Risk
7.1 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, i.v.)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Bupivacaine is a chiral local anesthetics of the amide type. The drug is used as a racemate. It has a relatively slow onset of action and a long duration of action, which lasts up to 12 hours.
Application
It is used mainly in anesthesia for neuraxial anesthetic techniques such as spinal or epidural anesthesia. Because of the relatively long duration of action, this substance is one of the most commonly used local anesthetic agents.
Adverse effects
Bupivacaine has the highest toxicity of all local anesthetics, which may be important especially in unnoticed intravenous injection, but also with increased absorption from the injection area. In particular, cardiac arrhythmias have been described that can, unlike other local anesthetics also occur prior to the occurrence of CNS side effects.
Trade names
Bucain (D, A), Carbostesin (D, A, CH), Dolanaest (D, A), Duracain (CH), Carbocaina (I ) and generic (D, CH)
Marcaine (CH), generic (D)