Desflurane

• 2 - ( difluoromethoxy ) -1,1,1,2 -tetrafluoroethane
• (RS ) -2 - ( difluoromethoxy ) -1,1,1,2 -tetrafluoroethane

N01AB07

Inhalation anesthetic

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Desflurane is an inhalation anesthetic from the group of Flurane. It has a good hypnotic, but only weak analgesic and muscle relaxant properties. Desflurane is a widely used in anesthesia Standardanästhetikum. It is characterized by rapid onset and offset and therefore good controllability and good cycle stability. In Germany, Austria and Switzerland it is marketed by Baxter under the trade name Suprane.

Chemistry

The density of a liquid is desflurane 1.465 g / ml. The boiling point is 22.8 ° C, the vapor pressure at 20 ° C of 88.5 kPa. Due to this low boiling point, a special evaporator technology is required.

Pharmacology

The blood - gas partition coefficient of desflurane is 0.42, that is, at a concentration of 1 volume percent ( vol% ) in the pulmonary alveoli, the concentration is 0.42 % by volume in the blood. The low solubility causes a rapid sleep and wake-up. The minimum alveolar concentration is 6%, desflurane is thus less potent than isoflurane or sevoflurane. Since desflurane is irritating to mucous membranes, it is not suitable for inhalational induction of anesthesia. Due to the irritation of the airways bronchospasm or laryngospasm can be triggered.

The metabolic capacity of desflurane is minimal and is less than 0.1 %, thus reducing the likelihood of liver damage is very low, so it can be used with pre-existing liver disease and in patients. As with other inhalation anesthetics desflurane increased intracranial pressure and can be a trigger for malignant hyperthermia.

The reaction with soda lime can carbon monoxide ( CO ) are produced, which is particularly the case with dry CO2 absorbers and high gas concentrations.