Élie, duc Decazes

Élie Decazes ( born September 28, 1780 in Saint Martin de Laye, Gironde, † October 24th 1860 in Paris), Duke of Decazes and happiness Berg was a French statesman.

Biography

Decazes studied law and in 1806 a judge at his court. He became in 1807 a member of the cabinet of Louis Bonaparte and 1811 Prosecutor at the Court of Appeals in Paris. Immediately after the fall of the Empire, he declared himself a royalist and remained during the so -called " Hundred Days " faithful to the Bourbons. During this time he made by Baron Louis, the personal acquaintance of Louis XVIII. , And the king rewarded his energy and tact, by making him on July 7, 1815 Prefect of Police of Paris. With its clear success in this difficult position, he gained appointment as Minister of Police, as the successor of Fouché, on September 24. The Office of the Chief of Police took Jules Anglès.

In the meantime, he was elected deputy for the Seine ( August 1815 ), and both as an MP and as a minister, he led the moderate royalists. The moderates were in the chamber of 1815 in the minority, but Decazes persuaded Louis XVIII. , The Chambre dissolve introuvable, and the elections of October 1816 brought them the majority. During the next four years it was Decazes ' task of playing the leading role in the government.

First, he had to suppress the uprisings as minister of police, which had been provoked by the ultra-royalists (the " White Terror "); then, after the resignation of Duke Richelieu, he took over the actual guidance of the Cabinet, although the nominal president, General Jean Joseph Paul Dessolles (* 1767, † 1828) was. At the same time he held the portion of the interior. The Cabinet, in the Baron Louis was Finance Minister and Marshal Gouvion Saint -Cyr minister of war remained was completely liberal; his first act was the suppression of the Police Department, as Decazes said that it was incompatible with a liberal regime. His reforms met with strong hostility in the Chamber of Peers, where the ultra-royalists were in the majority, and to overcome this, he brought the king to appoint a Pair thrust more liberal sixty pairs.

Then he brought through the press laws, which softened the censorship. The reorganization of the finances, the protection of industrial and implementation of major public contracts France gained its economic prosperity again, and the minister was popular. But the powers of the Grand Alliance had considered the development of liberalism in France with increasing concern. In particular, Metternich wrote this mainly of the "weakness" of the Ministry, and when in 1819 the political elections confirmed the trend - especially by the choice of the celebrated Abbé Grégoire - began a discussion as to whether the time had come, the conditions of Geheimvertragas of Aachen enforce. It was this threat of foreign intervention, even more than the cry of the Ultras, which Louis XVIII. compelled to promote a change in the electoral law that should prevent such a "scandal" as Gregoire's choice in the future.

Dess Olle and Louis refused to get involved in this policy, and resigned; Decazes now became the head of the new cabinet ( November 1819 ). But the exclusion Gregoire from the chamber and the changes in the voting rights embittered the Radicals, without reconciling the Ultras. News of the Spanish revolution in January 1820 intensified her anger still; Now it was said that the foolish and criminal policies Decazes ' have once again unleashed the demon of the revolution. He was denounced as the new Sejanus, the modern Catiline. When the Duke of Berry was assassinated on February 13, raised voices accused him loudly that he had been involved in this crime as an accomplice. Decazes sensed the impending storm and immediately handed the King his resignation in. Ludwig refused at first because he looked at Decazes attacks on themselves in the attacks. Ultimately, he had to but the insistence of his family yield ( 17 February); Decazes was raised to the rank of a duke, and was sent as ambassador to an honorable exile to England.

This Decazes meteor -like career was over. In December 1821 he returned to the Chamber of Peers, where he still maintained his liberal views. After 1830 he held on to the July Monarchy, but after 1848 he remained in retirement. In 1826 he had organized a society for the development of the coal and steel production in the Aveyron region, and the central city of the industrial region the name Decazeville was awarded in 1829.

Elie Decazes died in 1860 at the age of 80 years and rests in the cemetery of Bonzac.

• Minister of the Interior (France)
• Member of the Legion of Honour ( Grand Cross )
• Frenchman
• Born in 1780
• Died in 1860
• Man