Emil Erlenmeyer
Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer ( born June 28, 1825 labor in Wiesbaden, † January 22, 1909 in Aschaffenburg ) was a German chemist.
Life and work
Emil Erlenmeyer studied medicine in Giessen and from 1845 attended the chemical lectures of Justus von Liebig, and later with Leopold Gmelin in Heidelberg. After his pharmaceutical state examination in Nassau ( Lahn), he ran for 5 years in a pharmacy Katzenelenbogen. In 1850 he returned to Giessen and received his doctorate in the same year at Justus Liebig with a thesis about basic Cyanblei.
Then he bought a pharmacy in Wiesbaden and taught in addition chemistry at the Wiesbaden trade and trade school. Since the financial success failed to materialize, he habilitated in 1855 with Robert Bunsen in Heidelberg with a topic related to the chemistry of mineral fertilizers. He was here in 1857 lecturer and operating alongside a private consulting laboratory for the fertilizer industry. In 1863 he was in Heidelberg, associate professor, then followed but the appointed professor of chemistry at the Polytechnic School in Munich, where he was also a consultant to various chemical companies, including the chemical factory Heufeld in Upper Bavaria, the predecessor of Süd-Chemie AG.
1877, the Polytechnic School in Royal was. Technical University of Munich Bavarian renamed and 1877-1880 was Erlenmeyer addition to his teaching and its director. After a very successful working as a chemist and professor emeritus Erlenmeyer in 1883 for health reasons. He then moved as a private scholar to Frankfurt am Main and in 1893 to Aschaffenburg to his daughter. From 1893 to 1897 he was given by his son Hermann Dingler in the forest high school Aschaffenburg private research opportunities.
Erlenmeyer contributed much to the spread of atomic theory. He has a young age has long and in depth the structure of chemical compounds and debated with his colleagues. As a sideline, he worked as an editor of the journal for chemical, pharmaceutical and mathematics since 1859, he showed his early theories for discussion here. In 1862 he stated on the basis of his investigations was the first that there was not only single bonds but also multiple bonds. This he contributed significantly to identify and understand the structure of many compounds. Besides, he always used in his publications the now common Coupersche notation for structural formulas and thus helped this breakthrough.
In Munich, he further explored intensively the structure of organic compounds and found the correct structure of naphthalene, guanidine and tyrosine. For the latter two, he also stated synthesis methods.
In addition, he formulated the Erlenmeyer rule. According to him, the Erlenmeyer flask is named, a cone-shaped glass bulb, which is still used in all chemical and biological laboratories.
His son Karl Friedrich Gustav Emil Erlenmeyer ( also called Emil ) was also a chemist. From him comes the Erlenmeyer synthesis.
In 1855 he was inducted into the Masonic Lodge Socrates for steadfastness. In Heidelberg he joined the lodge Ruprecht at the five roses.
Honors
Writings
- E. Erlenmeyer: Textbook of organic chemistry. CF Winters Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig and Heidelberg, 1867 and 1868 Reprint as Erlenmeyer 's textbook of organic chemistry, 3 volumes, Leipzig: Winter, to 1894, edited by Richard Meyer, Otto Hecht, Henry Goldschmidt, Karl von Buchka ( 1856-1917 )