Ferruccio Busoni

Ferruccio ( Dante Michelangelo Benvenuto ) Busoni ( born April 1, 1866 in Empoli, near Florence, † July 27, 1924 in Berlin ) was an Italian pianist, composer, conductor, librettist, essayist and teacher of music.

Life

Busoni was the only child of an Italian clarinet virtuoso and a German -born pianist from Trieste. He grew up bilingual. At age 10 he made his debut as a pianist, composer and improviser in Vienna. In 1881 he was at the age of 15 years and a member of the Accademia Filarmonica in Bologna. Since 1886, he taught at the Leipzig Conservatory, in 1888 he was a piano teacher at the Conservatory in Helsinki, where he became a patron and friend of Jean Sibelius. After stops in Moscow ( 1890-1891 ) and Boston ( 1891-1894 ), he was in 1894 finally settled in Berlin.

Even in Moscow, he married Gerda Sjöstrand (1862-1956), the daughter of a Swedish sculptor. The marriage produced two sons, Benvenuto and Rafaello emerged. During the First World War, Ferruccio Busoni lived in exile in Zurich.

From 1920 until his death he taught at the Berlin Academy of Arts, a master class in composition. Until his death, Busoni lived in Berlin- Schöneberg am Viktoria -Luise -Platz 11, where a plaque commemorates him. His grave of honor, which Georg Kolbe (1877-1947) designed, located in the Department of 6-56 at the cemetery in Stubenrauchstraße in Berlin- Friedenau. In Berlin -Karow, a street was named after him in 1927, which still bears that name today.

Ferruccio Busoni gave out among others piano works of Johann Sebastian Bach and Franz Liszt. The criticism of its numerous changes, variations and extensions Busoni replied that he always the creative thoughts for perfect hold, but not the musical or compositional implementation. As a conductor, his contemporary music at heart.

His first book, published in 1907 Draft New Aesthetic of Music includes consideration of new musical scales, sixth-tone systems and the first inklings of possibilities electrically generated sounds. The publication of the revised version in 1916 in the island's library (IB 202) sparked heated controversy. From the conservative side, Hans Pfitzner answered in 1917 with his book Futuristengefahr.

Works (selection)

Full list of Busoni's original works (English )
Full list of Busoni edits (English )

Operas

The bride's choice (1905, UA: Hamburg 1912)
Arlecchino or Windows ( UA: Zurich 1917)
Turandot (UA: Zurich 1917)
Doctor Faust, terminated by Philipp Jarnach (UA: Dresden 1925)

Instrumental music

Violin Concerto in D major, Op 35a (UA: Berlin 1897)
Sonata for Violin and Piano No. 2, Op 36a
Preludes, Op 37
Concerto for Piano and Orchestra, Op 39 with male chorus (UA: Berlin 1904)
Fantasia Contrappuntistica (composed in Dayton 1910) on the themes of quadruple fugue from The Art of Fugue
Berceuse Op 42 élégiaque (UA: New York 1911)
Nocturne symphonique, Op 43 (UA: Berlin 1914)
Indian Fantasy for piano and orchestra op 44 (UA: Berlin 1914)
Two counterpoint studies by Johann Sebastian Bach ( UA: 1917)
Concertino for Clarinet and Small Orchestra, Op 48 (UA: Zurich 1918)
Divertimento for Flute and Orchestra, Op 52 (UA: Berlin 1921)

Were arranged thematically and chronologically the works of Ferruccio Busoni by Jürgen Kindermann. He grouped in the so-called Kindermann directory (KIV ) and Busoni directory ( BV) together.

Writings

Critical and annotated edition, ed. by Martina Weindel, Wilhelmshaven 2006, ISBN 3-7959-0871- X

Pupil of Ferruccio Busoni

Giuseppe Becce (1877-1973; Composer) (~ 1906 -? )
Rudolph Ganz (1877-1972; composer, pianist, conductor ) ( 1899)
Theodor Szántó (1877-1934; composer ) (1898-1901)
Selim Palmgren (1878-1951; composer, pianist ) (1899-1901)
Augusta Cottlow (1878-1954; pianist ) ( 1896 -? )
Etelka friend (1879-1977; pianist ) ( 1898 -? )
Egon Petri (1881-1962; Pianist )
Michael Zadora (1882-1946; Pianist )
Percy Grainger (1882-1961; composer, pianist, conductor ) (late 1890s? )
Magda of Hattingberg ( = Magda Graedener; 1883-1959, pianist, writer, wife of Hermann Graedener ( writer ) )
Edgar Varèse (1883-1965; composer, conductor ) ( 1908 -? )
Leo Sirota (1885-1965; Pianist )
Eduard tax man (1892-1964, composer, pianist ) (1911 /12)
Philipp Jarnach (1892-1982; composer, pianist, conductor ) (1914 -? )
Svetislav Stančić (1895-1970; pianist ) (1918-1922)
Vladimir Rudolfowitsch Bird (1896-1984; composer ) (1918-1924? )
Dimitri Mitropoulos (1896-1960; conductor, composer, pianist )
Erwin Bodky (1896-1958; pianist, composer )
Walther Geiser (1897-1993; composer, conductor ) (192 -1923? )
Luc Balmer (1898-1996; composer, conductor, pianist ) (1921 /22)
Herbert Behrens- Hangeler (1898-1981; painters, writers, musicians )
Kurt Weill (1900-1950; composer ) (1921-1924)
Otto Luening (1900-1996; Composer)
Robert Blum (1900-1994; composer, conductor ) ( 1923)
Stefan Wolpe (1902-1972; Composer) (1920 )
Paul Hoppe ( composer; life data not determined )
Heinz Roemheld (1901-1985; Composer)
Verena Maurina -Press (1876-1969; pianist )
Leo Kestenberg (1882-1962; pianist, music educator, cultural politician )

Prices

Named after him is the International Piano Competition Ferruccio Busoni, piano competition, which is annually since 1949 in Bolzano, Italy, discharged. A later become famous prize winner (1957 ) is Martha Argerich, other first prize winners are Jörg Demus (1956 ), Boris Bloch ( 1978) and Lilya Zilberstein (1987).

Similarly named after him is the Busoni Composition Prize, which is awarded by the Berlin Academy of Arts.

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