Franz Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch
Hermann Schulze- Delitzsch, Franz Hermann Schulze actually ( born August 29, 1808 in Delitzsch, † April 29, 1883 in Potsdam ) was a German social reformer, lawyer and politician.
Schulze- Delitzsch belongs next to Eduard Pfeiffer, Victor Aimé Huber, Karl Korthaus, Wilhelm Haas and Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen, one of the leading founders of the cooperative system in Germany and as the main protagonist of the commercial co-operative organization.
Life
Hermann Schulze- Delitzsch in 1808 as the first son of then Mayor and Council of Justice, August Wilhelm Schulze ( 1779-1861 ) and his wife Wilhelmine Schulze born Schmorl ( 1784-1866 ), born in the house market 11 in Delitzsch. He grew up in a middle-class family and certain of quest for performance. Of his nine children, only three brothers reached adulthood to which he had but later in life hardly closer contact, due to the widely separated distant places of residence.
From 1814 to 1821 delivered not know if Schulze attended the close location of his birthplace town school or received home schooling. From October 1821 he began his training funded by parents in the Old Nikolai School in Leipzig, where he graduated in the spring of 1827. According to the family tradition, Schulze had matriculated in 1827 at the Law Faculty of the University of Leipzig. The progressive reform policy and future career damage starlet in the Kingdom of Prussia took him perhaps to be Studied law outside of the Kingdom of Saxony at the University of Halle continue from May, 1829. In 1827 he joined the Leipzig fraternity whose head college he belonged. Since Burschaften were under the observation of government officials, Schulze graduated.
In 1838 he was appointed to the Court of Appeal Assessor and was then in Naumburg ( Saale) and the Berlin Court of Appeal employed.
1841-1849 he worked as Patrimonialrichter several manor districts in his home town of Delitzsch. Thus he learned the problems of small craft businesses know in the country who could not keep up with the progressive industrialization. After a bad harvest in 1846 he participated in the founding of a Relief Committee for the procurement of cereals and maintenance of a mill and a bakery. His social commitment was probably not. , Without influence on whether he was in 1848 elected as a deputy of the left-liberal circles Delitzsch and Bitterfeld in the Prussian National Assembly He participated in the double name Schulze -Delitzsch. Center of his life had to Schulze Delitzsch in 1861, then until his death in Potsdam.
In the Prussian National Assembly, he worked on commissions that dealt with the situation of the trader. There he came to the conclusion that the situation of the artisans was the only way to improve that it was allowing them to catch up by associations of cooperatives to the rapidly evolving industry.
Because of the reaction after the failed revolution of 1848, he was prevented from any political activity. He therefore took his leave from government service to devote himself to the spreading of the cooperative idea. Schulze- Delitzsch was at this time in lively correspondence with the Eilenburger doctor Anton Bernhardi, who also developed concrete ideas for building cooperative organizations and implement began. Bernhardi's work had no small influence on Schulze- Delitzsch. In Delitzsch and in a hurry castle emerged about the same time first cooperatives.
With the establishment of cooperative shoemaker in Delitzsch 1849 Schulze- Delitzsch had founded the cooperative as a corporate legal form. Now he propagated savings and co-operative societies to ensure the livelihood, advance and credit associations ( today's common banks) to obtain money for investment and the creation of distributive and production cooperatives. Except with the idea of co-operatives, he was so successful that he was able to create an umbrella organization to the "General Association of German -based self-help trade and industrial co-operatives ." The system of its cooperatives based on the joint and several liability, the acquisition of cooperative shares, the restriction of all services to the comrades and the rejection of direct support from the state. This idea of self-help and self-responsibility, he defended in clashes with Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen and Ferdinand Lassalle.
In 1859 he was elected to the Prussian House of Representatives, 1861, he was among the founders of the German Progressive Party, and moved with his family to Potsdam. As parliamentary and - since 1867 - member of the Reichstag, he pushed through the Cooperative Act in Prussia and the North German Confederation, whereby the cooperatives were given a statutory basis and as legal persons received legal capacity.
In 1871 he was elected to the German Reichstag - the seat he held until his death. In the Reichstag, he sat down with several - unsuccessful - draft legislation for a democratic association and assembly, right him an honorary doctorate was ein.1873 of the University of Heidelberg awarded. He was a member of the Masonic Lodge to resistance in Berlin, an offshoot of the Grand National of Freemasons of Germany.
Schulze- Delitzsch was buried in the Old Cemetery in Potsdam. In his honor, was inaugurated a created by sculptor Edwin White Rock monument on September 13, 1891 at the Marienplatz in his home town of Delitzsch. In Berlin -Mitte is a created by sculptor Hans Arnold monument to him was erected on August 4, 1899. The place on which the monument stands, has since 1910 ( with interruption ) the name of Schulze- Delitzsch Square.
Awards and Tributes
On the occasion of his 200th birthday published the German Post on August 7, 2008, a 90 -cent commemorative stamp. On it was a portrait and quote Schulze ( " The spirit of free association is the spirit of modern society. "). In addition there was a special on 7 August 2008 to the first day in Bonn and Berlin and a special in Delitzsch.
In his honor is awarded by the cooperative organization Raiffeisen / Schulze- Delitzsch Medal. It may not be awarded to more than 100 people living at the same time.
Furthermore, various buildings and facilities are named after Hermann Schulze- Delitzsch. This includes primarily the Schulze- Delitzsch- house, the building in which Schulze with 57 shoemakers founded the first industrial cooperative. Similarly, Schulze- Delitzsch namesake, the vocational training centers in Delitzsch and Wiesbaden. Another building is named after him which is currently under construction Schulze- Delitzsch- Carrée in Landau, a building ensemble that arises in relation to the State Garden Show 2014 in Landau. The Dr. Hermann Schulze- Delitzsch Society and the Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen society established on 29 November 2013, the states of Saxony and Rhineland -Palatinate together a transnational application for inclusion of the " cooperative idea " in the " Nationwide List of the Intangible cultural heritage " (creation in the national implementation of the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the intangible Cultural Heritage ).