Friedrich Graf Kleist von Nollendorf
Emil Friedrich Ferdinand Graf Heinrich Kleist of Nollendorf ( born April 9, 1762 in Berlin, † February 17, 1823 ) was a Prussian officer, last Field Marshal. It was in 1806 at the Battle of Jena and Auerstedt as a Colonel Adjutant General of King Frederick William III. , While the Adjutant General of the Supreme Commander of the Duke of Brunswick, Colonel Friedrich Ludwig Heinrich von Kleist was.
Life
Origin
Frederick was the son of the Privy Council and dean of the cathedral chapter of Brandenburg Friedrich Konrad Dietrich Adrian von Kleist (* January 21, 1726, † February 19, 1808 ) and his wife Luise Juliane Charlotte, née von Schwerin (* January 29, 1736, † 14 October. , 1779 ). His mother was a daughter of the Prussian lieutenant general Reimar Julius von Schwerin.
Military career
Kleist 1774 Page employed at the court of Prince Henry of Prussia, and on July 2, 1778 as an ensign in the infantry regiment " of Lettow " No. 46, with which he took part in the War of Bavarian Succession. Later Kleist Adjutant of Field Marshal von Möllensdorf and 1790 was hired as a lieutenant in the Quartermaster General Staff, in which he fought as a captain in the campaign 1793/95 against France. Here he took part in battle of top - Ursel, Ottange, Frankfurt am Main, Hochheim, Alsheim, Zweibrücken and Kaiserslautern. For his services Kleist received on 4 December 1792 Pour le Mérite.
After he had commanded an infantry battalion in the Infantry Regiment " von Arnim " No. 13 some years, he was 1803-1807 lecture forming adjutant general of the king. He received the end of 1808 as a major general in command of the Lower Silesian Brigade in Frankfurt ( Oder) and 1809, the commandant of Berlin.
In the war against Russia Kleist commanded 1812 infantry of the Prussian auxiliary corps under Ludwig Yorck von Wartenberg, and at the beginning of the campaign against France in 1813 as a lieutenant general, a Prussian- Russian corps, with which he on the night of April 17 in an attempt to the French to surprise in Wittenberg, a successful skirmish took. When the army of the coalition forces had crossed the Elbe near Dresden, Kleist occupied the Saale transition at Halle. He claimed here until April 28, withdrew but returned the following day about Schkeuditz. In Bautzen he defended on May 20 with low forces the Spree crossing at Burk so long that Miloradovich Bautzen could evacuate without losses. As Prussian plenipotentiary he then closed on June 4, from the armistice in Poischwitz.
After timeout, Kleist commanded the Second Prussian Army Corps, which joined the main army of the coalition in Bohemia. In the battle of Dresden, he led the second column of attack. On the retreat, he marched over the crest of the mountain after Nollendorf in the back Vandamme and decided on August 30 by his attack, the Battle of Kulm. For his services at the Battle of Kulm ( u Chlumec Chabarovic ) and Nollendorf ( Nakléřov ) he was charged by the King of Prussia to the hereditary title of Count, with the nickname of Nollendorf on June 3, 1814.
In the Battle of Leipzig, he fought successfully on the left wing of the great army in Markham, then he blocked with the Second Prussian Army Corps, the city of Erfurt with its citadel Petersberg and was later followed by the army to France, where he February at Étoges 14 1814 mitkämpfte under Blücher. The victory at Laon was achieved in particular by his and Yorck's decision to begin the attack in the evening. Before Paris Kleist was involved in the Battle of Villette. The king appointed him in 1814 to General of Infantry.
After the peace Kleist received the Commanding General for the province of Saxony in Merseburg. As endowment him the domain Stötterlingenburg at Halberstadt has been paid. In 1821 he was appointed to his farewell to General Field Marshal. Afterwards then retired to his estates, including Wülperode back.
Honors
Kleist was a knight of the French Legion of Honor, Honor Knights of St. John, owner of the Red Eagle, First Class and the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross ( Leipzig ) and the Order of Saint Vladimir II class. For the victorious outcome of the battle of Kulm Kleist was born on September 30, 1813 Knights of the Black Eagle.
The Grenadier Regiment "Graf Kleist of Nollendorf " (1st West Prussian ) # 6 led to its dissolution in late 1918 to the lasting keepsake his name. Nollendorfplatz and Kleist in Berlin remember him (see also Generalszug ).
Family
Kleist married in 1787 in Berlin Hermione Caroline Charlotte, born of Retzow (* 1767, † March 14, 1838 in Halberstadt ). She was the daughter of knighthood Council Wilhelm Leopold von Retzow (* 1729, † 1803) and his wife Christine Henriette Friederike, nee Thiele and was granddaughter of General Wolf Friedrich von Retzow. The couple had two sons and a daughter. One of the sons died young, the other son of Hermann von Kleist Nollendorf (* September 2, 1804, † March 28, 1870 ) was married in East Prussia with Henriette, born of Gustedt ( born April 18, 1809). He was there district and promoter of railways. The daughter Hermine Henriette Helene Leopoldine (* August 19, 1785, † March 3, 1840 ) married to Lieutenant-Colonel Viktor Baron Timon of Laviere.