George, Duke of Saxony
George the Bearded ( born August 27, 1471 Meissen, † April 17, 1539 in Dresden) was duke of Albertine Saxony and Duke of Sagan.
Life
George the Bearded was born the son of Albert the Courageous and Sidonie of Bohemia. During the absence of his father on military campaigns in Flanders and Friesland George took early as 1488, representing various duties, true, including the mining affairs. He is considered the founder of the city of Annaberg.
From 1500 he took over the business of government in Albertine Saxony completely. Since he had been destined for the ecclesiastical career, George had received a good education. He was the Latin knowledgeable and interested in theological questions.
His younger brother Henry had inherited from the common father Albrecht Friesland. But because the Frisians his rule resisted and he was incapable of government, he resigned on 30 May 1505 a contract with his brother George on Friesland and contented himself with the offices Freiberg and Selva. In Friesland it came from 1514 to 1517 for the so-called Saxon feud, an argument against Edzard I of East Frisia to the city of Groningen.
George was a staunch opponent of the teachings of Jan Hus and Martin Luther. In 1523 he was confiscate all Luther Bibles in his country. In July 1525 George teamed up with various North German, Catholic princes in Dessau's covenant together to prevent the spread of the Lutheran doctrines. Despite all these efforts, he could not prevent the Reformation also invaded his country.
Combines with Landgrave Philip of Hesse and Duke Henry of Brunswick destroyed Georg in the Peasant War in May 1525 the army of the insurgent peasants of Frankenhausen.
As a result of disagreements gave 1530 to the end of 1533 to the so-called Saxon coin separation between the Ernestine Elector John the Steadfast and George. In these, the duke considered that it requires the honesty to maintain the pre- set by the population value of the Guldengroschen and had specially marked coins in his own name in the mints Freiberg, Leipzig and Annaberg shape.
George was married 38 years to Barbara ( 1478-1534 ), the daughter of King Casimir IV of Poland. After her death, he allowed himself to grow the beard as a sign of mourning, which earned him the nickname the bearded man. George the Bearded died in 1539 in Dresden and was buried beside his wife in a grave chapel in Meissen Cathedral.
His son Johann was sickly and died childless on 11 January 1537. His second son Frederick was mentally retarded and died before his father on 26 February 1539. Albertine The duchy of Saxony fell to his Lutheran -minded brother, Henry, what Georg vain lifetime to thwart attempted. His daughter Christine married in 1523 Landgrave Philip of Hesse, Hesse introduced in 1526 the Reformation.
George's daughter Elisabeth of Rochlitz, as born Landgrave of Hesse, the sister of Philip the Magnanimous, resulted in their Wittumssitz the Reformation.
George was carrier of the collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece.
Marriage and issue
George the Bearded married on November 21, 1496 in Leipzig Barbara ( 1478-1534 ), a daughter of Casimir IV, King of Poland. From their marriage the following children were from:
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Margrave Friedrich III. (1332-1381) ∞ 1346 Katharina von Henneberg (1334-1397)
Duke Henry I of Brunswick- Lüneburg (1355-1416) Sophie of Pomerania (1370-1406)
Duke Leopold III. (1351-1386) ∞ 1365 Viridis Visconti of Milan (1350-1414)
Ziemowit IV Alexandra of Lithuania
Boček II of Podiebrad ( -1417 ) Anna Elisabeth of Leipa
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Elector Frederick I of Saxony (1370-1428) ∞ 1402 Catherine of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1395-1442)
Duke Ernest the Iron (1377-1424) ∞ 1412 Cimburgis of Mazovia ( 1394/97-1429 )
Viktorin of Podiebrad (1403-1427) Anna von Wartenberg (1403-1427)
Nobles Smil von Sternberg ( -1431 ) Barbara of Pardubice ( -1433 )
Elector Frederick II (1412-1464) ∞ 1431 Margaret of Austria (1416-1486)
King George of Podiebrad (1420-1471) ∞ 1441 Cunegonde von Sternberg (1425-1449)
Duke Albrecht the Brave (1443-1500) ∞ 1464 Sidonie of Bohemia (1449-1510)
George the Bearded
Swell
- Heiko Jadatz, Christian Winter (ed.): files and letters to the church policy of Duke George of Saxony. Vol 3: 1528-1534. Böhlau, Cologne, inter alia,, 2010.