Gerbera
A yellow Gerbera hybrids
Gerbera is the botanical garden and also the German name of a genus of flowering plants and their cultivars. The genus belongs to the family of plants of the daisy family (Asteraceae).
- 6.1 Itemization
Dissemination
The distribution is altweltlich. Today, about 30 species in nature occur, particularly in Africa, Madagascar, and tropical Asia. Most types are available in South Africa ( capensis). Eight species found only on Madagascar and about six species are native to Asia.
The numerous cultivars are mostly crosses between Gerbera jamesonii and another South African species Gerbera Gerbera as viridifolia. The intersections are called Gerbera hybrids.
Description
Gerbera species and varieties are perennial, not winter hardy herbaceous plants. It will be designed as outlasting rhizomes. In basal rosettes the most fiederteiligen or simple leaves are together. The leaf margins are simple, serrated to cut. The leaves may be hairy or hairless.
Isolated on long leafless stalks are the bloom conditions. There are two to three rows of bracts present. Chaff leaves are missing. The outer flowers are mostly female with staminodes, inner are hermaphrodite, or functionally male. The corolla tube ends zweizipfelig. The achenes are four to zehngerippt with a pappus.
Floristic use
For stabilization of the stem, the stems of Gerbera flowers are a floral wire spirally wound, which is inserted above into the basket of flowers or it is otherwise stabilized. Gerbera are highly compatible with other cut flowers in vases.
History of Gerbera
1737 Before the gerbera as African / Ethiopian Aster is known; in 1737 it was first described by the Dutchman Jan Frederik Gronovius and in honor of the physician and botanist Traugott Gerber ( 1710-1743 ) marked with the name " Gerbera". A year later, his friend Carl Linnaeus took the way into his system.
1884 was Robert James, a plant dealer from Durban in South Africa, the type on the goldfields of Barberton in the Transvaal. He gave the " Barberton Daisy", the Barberton Daisy, the Botanical Gardens in Durban; its director recognized her as the gerbera. 1886 reached a first herbarium specimen in the royal garden after Kew, near London. 1889, the first Gerbera were recorded, described and presented to the public. This first scientific description comes from JD Hooker in Curtis Botanical Magazine. He describes the South African " Barberton Daisy" (now Gerbera jamesonii ).
1890 began first crossing experiments by Irwin Lynch at the Botanical Garden of Cambridge. 1893 came the Gerbera Germany.
The Gerbera is today the world's most popular cut flowers. There are about 45 species with various hybrids. Since the 1990s, some varieties are also offered as houseplants. 2009 began a dealer type of Gerbera offer, which is hardy ( Garvinea ®). You can overwinter only to -5 ° C outdoors unprotected, however.
List of species
There are about 30 species Gerbera:
- Gerbera ambigua ( Cass. ) Sch.Bip.
- Gerbera aurantiaca Sch.Bip.
- Gerbera bojeri ( DC.) Sch.Bip.
- Gerbera cordata ( Thunb. Less. )
- Gerbera crocea (L.) Kuntze
- Gerbera delavayi Franch.
- Gerbera diversifolia Humbert
- Gerbera elliptica Humbert
- Gerbera emirnensis Baker
- Gerbera galpinii Klatt
- Gerbera gossypina ( Royle ) Beauverd
- Gerbera hieracioides ( Kunth ) Zardini
- Gerbera hintonii ( Bullock ) Katinas
- Gerbera hypochaeridoides Baker
- Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex Adlam
- Gerbera leandrii Humbert
- Gerbera linnaei Cass.
- Gerbera maxima ( D.Don ) Beauverd
- Gerbera nivea ( wall. ex DC. ) Sch.Bip.
- Gerbera parva N.E.Br.
- Gerbera perrieri Humbert
- Gerbera petasitifolia Humbert
- Gerbera piloselloides (L.) Cass.
- Gerbera raphanifolia Franch.
- Gerbera serrata ( Thunb. ) Druce
- Gerbera tomentosa DC.
- Gerbera viridifolia ( DC.) Sch.Bip.
- Gerbera wrightii Harv.
Pictures
Hybrids, cutting locations:
A cream-colored Gerbera hybrids
Yellow Gerbera hybrids
Pink Gerbera hybrids
Pink Gerbera hybrids
Very intense pink Gerbera hybrids
Gerbera variants
Swell
- Entry in Aluka (English )
- Entry in the Flora of Zimbabwe (English )