Gifted education

Gifted education is to support learners who have been identified as gifted than average (for example as gifted ). The aim is to stimulate the development of the potential of these learners and to support the best possible way.

Gifted is part of gifted education. While gifted students focused on a specific group of learners to gifted education concerned with all learners, in which as yet undeveloped potential can be suspected.

Occasionally, the term gifted education is purely monetary interpreted and understood as the promotion of particularly powerful learners, usually in the form of grants or scholarships.

  • 3.1 Gifted for students in Austria 3.1.1 gifted students within the school 3.1.1.1 Personalization and differentiation in the mainstream classroom
  • 3.1.1.2 Akzelerierende support measures
  • 3.1.1.3 Enrichment
  • 3.1.2.1 Summer Academies
  • 3.2.1 Akzelerierende measures
  • 3.2.2 Enrichment
  • 3.2.3 Financial promotions
  • 5.1 schools
  • 5.2 Extracurricular promotion offers
  • 5.3 colleges

Gifted education in Germany

Gifted education for students in Germany

The gifted education in Germany is in the public perception mainly in government-sponsored study grants, awarded by the promotion of young talent and foundations in especially powerful students, usually in the form of scholarships. In the German countryside scholarships numerous opportunities remain unexploited: About 90 % of all applications arrive in less than 1 % of the foundations, while every fifth Foundation finds no matching scholarship. Even high school graduates or students with very good profile only apply to one-quarter to one-third for a scholarship. Since summer 2011, the federal government has launched the Germany Scholarship, which enables universities, with federal funds and funds raised private funds in half of them selected students to promote any nationality with a grant of € 300 per month. Again (as of 2012) were not achieved the announced expectations: Originally, 160,000 students and eight percent of all students are supported by the stipend Germany. As of end of May 2012 there were only 5,400 students.

The twelve major producing works by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research are:

  • Study Foundation of the German People
  • Cusanuswerk - Episcopal Scholarships
  • Ernst Ludwig Ehrlich Scholarship Program - Jewish Gifted
  • Protestant Academic Villigst
  • Hans Boeckler Foundation
  • Foundation of German Business - Study Klaus Murmann
  • Konrad -Adenauer -Stiftung
  • Heinrich Böll Foundation
  • Friedrich- Ebert -Stiftung
  • Rosa Luxembourg Foundation
  • Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom
  • Hanns -Seidel -Stiftung

Overall, the gifted landscape is barely manageable. There are around 1,200 scholarships. An overview now offer information portals such as free and volunteer -driven database mystipendium.de or Stipendienlotse the Federal Ministry of Education and Research.

Gifted education for students in Germany

For students there are opportunities for the gifted, especially competitions, gifted and special schools and specialized summer camp. There are several competitions for gifted students: Youth Research, Federal Foreign Language Competition, National Competition Mathematics, Mathematical Olympiad, Chemistry Olympiad, Physics Olympiad, Biology Olympiad, Philosophy Olympiad (the latter only for high school students in NRW) makes music, national competition computer science, youth, debated Youth, Adam -Ries - competition.

The State of North Rhine-Westphalia in 2010 started a project ( with seven high schools and three primary schools; 2012 were added other schools ); it says ' network Gifted NRW '.

Some high schools offer from the 6th grade to special gifted classes. There are some government boarding schools for gifted children: In Hesse, the upper secondary school Hansenberg Castle in Saxony, the St. Afra at Meissen, in Baden- Württemberg, the country school in Schwäbisch Gmünd and in Saxony-Anhalt, the country Pforta.

In addition, there are numerous schools of specialized Gifted ( partially in special schools or special classes parts ):

  • Mathematics and Natural Sciences: Albert Schweitzer School Erfurt special school part, Carl- Zeiss -Gymnasium Jena, Johannes - Kepler -Gymnasium Chemnitz, Wilhelm- Ostwald -Gymnasium Leipzig, Goethe School Ilmenau
  • Linguistically: Salzmann Schnepfenthal
  • Musically: Music High School Schloss Belvedere Weimar, Musikgymnasium Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach in Berlin, Thomas School in Leipzig, Musikgymnasium Käthe Kollwitz Rostock
  • Sporty: Sportgymnasium Oberhof, sports boarding Hanover, sports high school sports and high school Leipzig

Various organizations offer summer camps to promoting talented students. These include:

  • Education and talent eV: German Pupils Academy
  • Youth Education in Science and Society Association: JGW - Student Academy ( in cooperation with the German Pupils Academy )
  • Different carriers in the individual Länder: German Junior Academies
  • Academy Castle Fuersteneck: Hessian Schülerakademie
  • Youth Education Association in society and science: JGW - Mathematics Academy
  • Leipzig pupils Society for Mathematics: Math specialists Camp
  • Root e.V.: Student Academy Mathematics
  • TU Ilmenau: Physics Summer
  • Georg -August- University of Göttingen: Göttingen Math Camp

Gifted education in the GDR

In the GDR there were various institutions in which gifted students were promoted.

Among the most famous and oldest institutions include the Russian schools, to which later were added schools with other extensions. Special schools for the mathematically and scientifically gifted students there were in all districts of the GDR. Most high schools are today with a specific profile, such as the Heinrich -Hertz -Gymnasium in Berlin and Wilhelm Ostwald Gymnasium in Leipzig. Some " survived " as a special school parts, eg Albert -Schweitzer -Gymnasium in Erfurt. In addition, there was at the Advanced secondary schools special classes.

With the establishment of special classes for chemistry was in 1964 for the first time at a university of the GDR ( as hitherto most common in the U.S. only; see Junior Studies ), started with the formation of highly talented students who already before graduation in the research of the university were involved. The mid-1960s created more specialized classes for mathematics and physics at the Universities of Berlin, Halle and Rostock and the Institutes of Technology Karl- Marx-Stadt and Magdeburg. These special classes subordinate to the Ministry of Higher and Technical Education and not (such as the special schools ) to the Ministry of National Education.

Especially mathematical and scientific talents were encouraged outside the classroom intensively in working groups, clubs and correspondence circles and determined by school, district and regional Olympiads.

A special form represented the stations Young Scientists and technicians at which gifted students could receive training in mathematics and life sciences fields. In the 1970s, Mathematical student societies were founded, where talented students were promoted by university mathematicians. Also there were special classes for chemistry. After the fall of the East German school system has been aligned with that of the Federal Republic; such facilities were gradually closed except a few.

Gifted education in Austria

Gifted education for students in Austria

Basically, school and non-school promotion services can be made between the approaches used within the organization.

Gifted education within the school

Personalization and differentiation in the mainstream classroom

Here, students are taught according to their interests, strengths and talents. Possibilities for this offer include the following approaches:

  • Curriculum Compacting: The curriculum requirements are customized by the teaching material for a pupil / a student or for a group or by compressed taken in less time or independently ( outside of class ) will be developed. The time saved can be used for additional talent promotional offers lessons.
  • Revolving door model: This enables talented students to take off for a limited time from the regular teaching of a subject or several subjects in order to devote himself, for example a project. It is recommended that this sign a learning contract, detailing the precise modalities of exercise.
  • Mentoring & Tutoring: Students are accompanied by experienced people in their learning. This can include both substantive and organizational and metacognitive areas. Gifted students can benefit both passively (eg, through support for private research ) also active as tutors and tutors.
Akzelerierende support measures

Objective is the possibility to accelerated learning:

  • Early enrollment: Not yet school-age children can be picked up at the request of their guardians under certain conditions to the beginning of the school year in the first grade.
  • Skipping school levels: since 2006, it is possible not only within one type of school to skip a class, but this is also at a joint (ie, a type of school to another) to do.
  • Part jumping: participation in individual lessons a higher grade
Enrichment

Are understood to be professionally detailed or additional offers. Examples thereof are

  • Pullout courses ( during class time as an alternative teaching ) or talent development courses
  • Enrichment Team ( by year of cross- interest groups who work together on a self-chosen project )

Furthermore, there are some schools such as the BG / BRG Keimgasse Mödling, where model classes for gifted children have been established. In most cases these are " fast classes ", ie the contents of the curriculum are covered in less time. In addition, all school branches of the Gifted and Talented been devoted in some schools. This is, for example, in high school in Vienna Wiedner the case. In this school a Oberstufenzug is run as Sir Karl Popper school for especially gifted in the form of a school experiment. In the VET sector, there are, for example, at the Vienna Business School Vienna HAK Schönborngasse for interested and talented students offering the HAK Plus.

Extracurricular funding offer

In non-school settings provide some museums, sports clubs, music clubs, etc. also for gifted children and adolescents interesting offers ready.

Furthermore, gifted and interested students have, for example, the possibility of the universities as an extraordinary listener classes to attend under the program students at universities that are them fully credited for a later study.

Students of secondary schools can also participate in Olympiads and competitions in the fields of natural sciences, humanities, technology, new media and music and sports and so deepen special interests.

In the provinces, there are numerous associations promoting highly gifted children and youth that provide promotional offers. There are further frequently in the summer holidays and summer schools during the school year pull -out lessons are organized. Some examples of initiatives in the states of:

In Upper Austria, there is the club Foundation talents is being supported by the State of Upper Austria, as well as business and industry. The association organizes an annual three summer academies, some Olympics and numerous projects. The Board of Education of Upper Austria has the talents Akademie Schloss Traunsee furnished where called during the school year "pull -out " courses to the extent of three to five days are held for gifted students of ( ECHA ) teachers. Furthermore, there is the International Academy Traunkirchen under the direction of the quantum physicist Professor Anton Zeilinger. Thither students are invited from the lower level to one-day events with a focus on natural sciences; for gifted and interested students offers the IAT offers.

In Carinthia, the association Inizia cooperates closely with the regional school board and also keeps contact with the Ministry of Education.

The Board of Education of northeast organized jointly with the Association for the promotion of talented and gifted students from northeast intensive courses in the extent of a school week in the newly formed talents Schloss Drossendorf. Specially trained teachers work with selected students special topics that are available after the course in the context of e -learning packages.

Summer Academies

These can be found in several federal countries:

  • In Vienna in 2006 found four summer schools with a focus on science instead. For the first time there was a successful combination between phenomena of cooking and science. Children cooked 6-10 years, experimented and were supervised by experts.
  • Lower Austria offers for more than 10 years well-attended international summer schools for elementary school, middle and high school.
  • Upper Austria since 10 years summer schools organized for the upper stages, for seven years for 10 - to 14 -year-old and five years for 8 - to 10 - year-old.
  • Carinthia: The talents Camp is a summer academy for gifted and particularly interested students at AHS and BMHS in Carinthia. University of Applied Sciences, University, Gifted Association, Institute of Education and State Board of Education co-operate since 2000 in order to realize this project annually.

In addition to this model for the upper established itself at the moment and Future kids, a summer camp for students in lower grades.

Gifted education for students in Austria

Measures for gifted students include opportunities for acceleration, enrichment, and financial support. From site to site, the following initiatives are pronounced differently.

Akzelerierende measures

  • Early admission to the study: the registration of Neustudierenden already takes place in early July, for example, making participation in a summer university is possible
  • Bringing forward of courses

Enrichment

  • Project teams of senior researchers, Junior Researchers and students
  • Abroad
  • Participation in competitions
  • Mentoring programs

Financial promotions

  • Merit scholarships
  • Prices for Theses

Currently, there are in Austria a Begabtenförderungswerk (Pro Scientia ), which produces around 120 students.

Gifted education in Switzerland

At tertiary education level is often pointed out a gradation between the universities. Thus, the Federal Institutes of Technology are considered intellectually demanding than the corresponding courses at the regular, cantonal universities, or the University of St. Gallen as particularly challenging in the economic and social programs.

In addition, the Swiss Study Foundation is increasingly important.

Gifted education in the U.S.

Train

In the United States, where there is no differentiation in high schools, junior and secondary schools and where disabled children are schooled integrative, teachers are set to a much greater extent than in Germany on students with totally different services in the same class teach. American teachers have a variety of spaces to allow gifted children to work with more demanding tasks than the curriculum actually provides. A particular challenge for gifted children are the many competitions in which American students can participate.

At many schools there are further enrichment programs that can be included in the children with high IQ of grade 2 at. These children are taught by the hour taken out of the classroom and in small groups of a special teacher ( Teacher Enrichment ). A widely used alternative to the Educational Enrichment is skipping grades (Educational Acceleration, grade skipping ), which, however, has many critics in the U.S., because the affected children may have indeed grown a learning environment with older classmates academically, but not socially and emotionally. Many families prefer for their gifted children also a private school or leave them free from compulsory school attendance and grant them home schooling.

Education policy in the U.S. is a matter for the states, so that at the national level until today only one law for Gifted - in 1988, which came into force and, several times amended the Jacob Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act - is that, however, to the default limited general guidelines. In 2002, had 37 of the American states own laws for gifted education, on the basis of which there is a wide range of programs and special schools there, including for example, the Education Program for Gifted Youth at Stanford University, the Center for Talented Youth at Johns Hopkins University Highly Gifted Magnet and the program in Los Angeles.

For the peers watching gifted students in general is very high. This is especially true for white children; African-American children perceive school success occasionally as a stigma. The German swear word " nerd " but has no equivalent in English.

Extracurricular promotion offers

Gifted students, especially gifted high school students can attend special summer camp, organized for example by universities in the United States.

For instrumental students - especially those who receive their lessons at a music school or in a cultural - are in the U.S. private scholarships ( scholarships ) available that already in primary school age can be taken advantage of often.

Universities

Gifted education is conducted in the U.S. by the universities, which attract the best students in a tough competition with this part very well equipped scholarships to himself. There are also a number of private and public foundations, as well as ministries that perform part because of the high tuition fees promotion in cooperation with the respective university. Historically, the gifted students in the United States is favored by the strong, stimulated in part by the U.S. tax laws, philanthropic donations. Because of the multi-ethnic structure of society, there is also in the United States a variety of programs that promote specific ethnic minorities.

The main independent Stipendienvergeber for college students ( undergraduate students) are:

  • U.S. National Merit Corporation
  • Siemens Foundation (via the Siemens Westinghouse Competition)
  • Intel (via the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair and the Intel Science Talent Search)

The main Stipendienvergeber for individuals with a bachelor's degree ( graduate students ) are:

  • National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program with its
  • National Research Council with the Ford Foundation Fellowship for ethnic minorities
  • U.S. Department of Defense to the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship

In particular, the grant from the National Science Foundation is considerably higher than comparable endowed scholarships from Germany and is able to additionally cover a large part of the substantial tuition fees at private American universities.

Some colleges offer an early- Entrance Program, ie Access for the Gifted long before the end of regular school hours.

Overachievement Friedrich Ebert Foundation Hanns Seidel Foundation Schnepfenthal Salzmann School Equal opportunity
112855
de